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INDEX TO MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS,CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
FS-1
Key Financial Results
Income by Major Operating Area
Refer to the Results of Operations section beginning on page FS-6 for a detailed discussion of financial results by major operating area for the three years ending December 31, 2007.
Business Environment and Outlook
FS-2
may be caused by military conflicts, civil unrest or political uncertainty. Moreover, any of these factors could also inhibit the companys production capacity in an affected region. The company monitors developments closely in the countries in which it operates and holds investments, and attempts to manage risks in operating its facilities and business.
FS-3
Downstream Earnings for the downstream segment are closely tied to margins on the refining and marketing of products that include gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, lubricants, fuel oil and feedstocks for chemical manufacturing. Industry margins are sometimes volatile and can be affected by the global and regional supply-and-demand balance for refined products and by changes in the price of crude oil used for refinery feedstock. Industry margins can also be influenced by refined-product inventory levels, geopolitical events, refinery maintenance programs and disruptions at refineries resulting from unplanned outages that may be due to severe weather, fires or other operational events.
FS-4
Chemicals Earnings in the petrochemicals business are closely tied to global chemical demand, industry inventory levels and plant capacity utilization. Feedstock and fuel costs, which tend to follow crude oil and natural gas price movements, also influence earnings in this segment.
Operating Developments
Upstream
Downstream
FS-5
Other
Results of Operations
U.S. Upstream Exploration and Production
U.S. upstream income of $4.5 billion in 2007 increased approximately $260 million from 2006. Results in 2007 benefited approximately $700 million from higher prices for crude oil and natural gas liquids. This benefit to income was partially offset by the
Net oil-equivalent production in 2007 averaged 743,000 barrels per day, down 2.6 percent from 2006 and up 2 percent from 2005, which included only five months of production from the Unocal properties acquired in August of that year. The net liquids component of oil-equivalent production for 2007 averaged 460,000 barrels a day, which was essentially flat compared with 2006, and an increase of 1 percent from 2005. Net natural gas production averaged 1.7 billion cubic feet per day in 2007, down 6 percent from 2006 and up 4 percent from 2005.
FS-6
International Upstream - Exploration and Production
International upstream income of $10.3 billion in 2007 increased $1.4 billion from 2006. Earnings in 2007 benefited approximately $1.6 billion from higher prices, primarily for crude oil, and $300 million from increased liftings. Non-recurring income tax items also benefited earnings between periods. These benefits to income were partially offset by the impact of higher operating and depreciation expenses.
US. Downstream - Refining, Marketing and Transportation
U.S. downstream earnings of $966 million in 2007 declined nearly $1 billion from 2006 and were essentially the same as 2005. The decline in 2007 from 2006 was associated mainly with weaker refined-product margins due to the effects of higher crude oil prices and the negative impacts of higher planned and unplanned downtime on refinery production volumes at the companys three major refineries. Operating expenses were also higher in 2007. The improvement in 2006 earnings from 2005 was primarily associated with higher average refined-product margins in 2006 and the adverse effect of downtime in 2005 at refining, marketing and pipeline operations that was caused by hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico.
FS-7
International Downstream Refining, Marketing and Transportation
International downstream income of $2.5 billion in 2007 increased about $500 million from 2006 and $750 million from 2005. Results for 2007 included gains of approximately $1 billion on the sale of assets, including an interest in a refinery and marketingassets in the Benelux region of Europe. Margins on the sale of refined products in 2007 were up slightly from the prior year. Operating expenses were higher, and earnings from the companys shipping operations were lower. The increase in earnings in 2006 compared with 2005 was associated mainly with the benefit of higher refined-product sales margins in the Asia-Pacific area and Canada and improved results from crude-oil and refined-product trading activities.
Chemicals
The chemicals segment includes the companys Oronite subsidiary and the 50 percent-owned Chevron Phillips ChemicalCompany LLC (CPChem). In 2007, earnings were $396 million, compared with $539 million and $298 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Between 2006 and 2007, the benefit of improved margins on sales of lubricants and fuel additives by Oronite was more than offset by the effect of lower margins on the sale of commodity chemicals by CPChem. In 2006, earnings of $539 million increased about $240 million from 2005 due to higher margins for commodity chemicals at CPChem and for fuel and lubricant additives at Oronite.
All Other
All Other includes mining operations, power generation businesses, worldwide cash management and debt financing activities, corporate administrative functions, insurance operations, real estate activities, alternative fuels and technology companies, and the companys interest in Dynegy prior to its sale in May 2007.
FS-8
Consolidated Statement of Income
Sales and other operating revenues in 2007 increased over 2006 due primarily to higher prices for crude oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids and refined products, partially offset by lower sales volumes. The increase in 2006 from 2005 was primarily due to higher prices for refined products. The higher revenues in 2006 were net of an impact from a change in the accounting for buy/sell contracts, as described in Note 13 on page FS-42.
Lower income from equity affiliates in 2007 was mainly due to a decline in earnings from CPChem, Dynegy (sold in May 2007) and downstream affiliates in the Asia-Pacific area. Partially offsetting these declines were improved results for Tengizchevroil (TCO) and income for a full year from Petroboscan, which was converted from an operating service agreement to a joint-stock company in October 2006. The increase between 2005 and 2006 was primarily due to improved results for TCO and CPChem. Refer to Note 11, beginning on page FS-40, for a discussion of Chevrons investment in affiliated companies.
Other income of nearly $2.7 billion in 2007 included the net of gains totaling $1.7 billion from the sale of downstream assets in the Benelux countries and the companys investment in Dynegy and a loss of approximately $245 million on the early redemption of Texaco debt. Interest income was approximately $600 million, $600 million and $400 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Foreign currency losses were $352 million, $260 million and $60 million in the corresponding years.
Crude oil and product purchases in 2007 increased from 2006 due to higher prices for crude oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids and refined products. Crude oil and product purchases in 2006 increased from 2005 on higher prices for crude oil and refined products and the inclusion of Unocal-related amounts for the full year 2006 vs. five months in 2005. The increase was mitigated by the effect of the accounting change in April 2006 for buy/sell contracts.
Operating, selling, general and administrative expenses in 2007 increased 16 percent from a year earlier. Expenses were higher in a number of categories, with the largest increases recorded for the cost of employee payroll and contract labor. Total expenses increased in 2006 from 2005 due mainly to the inclusion of former-Unocal expenses for the full year 2006. Besides this effect, expenses were higher in 2006 for labor, transportation, and uninsured costs associated with the hurricanes in 2005.
Exploration expenses in 2007 declined from 2006 mainly due to lower amounts for well write-offs and geological and geophysical costs for operations outside the United States. Expenses increased in 2006 from 2005 due to higher amounts for well write-offs and geological and geophysical costs for operations outside the United States, as well as the inclusion of Unocal-related amounts for the full year 2006.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization expenses increased from 2005 through 2007, reflecting an increase in charges related to asset write-downs and higher depreciation rates for certain crude oil and natural gas producing fields worldwide and the inclusion of Unocal-related amounts beginning in August 2005.
Taxes other than on income increased in 2007 from a year earlier due to higher duties in the companys U.K. downstream operations. Taxes other than on income were essentially unchanged in 2006 from 2005, with the effect of higher U.S. refined product sales being offset by lower sales volumes subject to duties in the companys European downstream operations.
Interest and debt expense in 2007 decreased from 2006 primarily due to lower average debt balances and higher amounts of interest capitalized. The decrease in 2006 vs. 2005 was mainly due to lower average debt balances and an increase in the amount of interest capitalized, partially offset by higher average interest rates on commercial paper and other variable-rate debt.
FS-9
Effective income tax rates were 42 percent in 2007, 46 percent in 2006 and 44 percent in 2005. Rates were lower in 2007 compared with the prior year due mainly to the impact of nonrecurring items, including asset sales in 2007 and the absence of 2006 charges related to a tax-law change that increased tax rates on upstream operations in the U.K. North Sea and the settlement of a tax claim in Venezuela. The higher tax rate in 2006 compared with 2005 also reflected these nonrecurring charges in 2006. Refer also to the discussion of income taxes in Note 15 beginning on page FS-43.
Selected Operating Data1,2
FS-10
Liquidity and Capital Resources
FS-11
Capital and Exploratory Expenditures
FS-12
Financial Ratios
Current Ratio current assets divided by current liabilities. The current ratio in all periods was adversely affected by the fact that Chevrons inventories are valued on a Last-In-First-Out basis. At year-end 2007, the book value of inventory was lower than replacement costs, based on average acquisition costs during the year, by approximately $7 billion.
Guarantees, Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations, and Other Contingencies
Direct Guarantee
The companys guarantee of approximately $600 million is associated with certain payments under a terminal use agreement entered into by a company affiliate. The terminal is expected to be operational by 2012. Over the approximate 16-year term of the guarantee, the maximum guarantee amount will reduce over time as certain fees are paid by the affiliate. There are numerous cross-indemnity agreements with the affiliate and the other partners to permit recovery of any amounts paid under the guarantee. Chevron carries no liability for its obligation under this guarantee.
FS-13
Contractual Obligations
Financial and Derivative Instruments
FS-14
Incremental Increase (Decrease) in Fair Value of Open CommodityDerivative Contracts Assuming a Hypothetical Increase inYear-End Commodity Prices of 10 Percent
The same hypothetical decrease in prices of these commodities would result in approximately the same opposite effects on the fair values of the contracts. The hypothetical effect on these contracts was estimated by calculating the fair value of the contracts as the difference between the hypothetical and current market prices multiplied by the contract amounts.
Transactions With Related Parties
FS-15
Litigation and Other Contingencies
FS-16
Included in the $1,539 million year-end 2007 reserve balance were remediation activities of 240 sites for which the company had been identified as a potentially responsible party or otherwise involved in the remediation by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or other regulatory agencies under the provisions of the federal Superfund law or analogous state laws. The companys remediation reserve for these sites at year-end 2007 was $123 million. The federal Superfund law and analogous state laws provide for joint and several liability for all responsible parties. Any future actions by the EPA or other regulatory agencies to require Chevron to assume other potentially responsible parties costs at designated hazardous waste sites are not expected to have a material effect on the companys consolidated financial position or liquidity.
FS-17
Environmental Matters
Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions
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FS-19
FS-20
New Accounting Standards
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FS-23
The companys common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (trading symbol: CVX). As of February 22, 2008, stockholders of record numbered approximately 214,000. There are no restrictions on the companys ability to pay dividends.
FS-24
Managements Responsibility for Financial Statements
To the Stockholders of Chevron Corporation
Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The companys management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a15(f). The companys management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the companys internal control over financial reporting based on the Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the results of this evaluation, the companys management concluded that internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2007.
FS-25
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Chevron Corporation:
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders equity and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Chevron Corporation and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2007, and December 31, 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Companys management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule; for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Managements Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in
the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Francisco, CaliforniaFebruary 28, 2008
FS-26
See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
FS-27
FS-28
FS-29
FS-30
FS-31
Note 1
Subsidiary and Affiliated Companies The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of controlled subsidiary companies more than 50 percent-owned and variable-interest entities in which the company is the primary beneficiary. Undivided interests in oil and gas joint ventures and certain other assets are consolidated on a proportionate basis. Investments in and advances to affiliates in which the company has a substantial ownership interest of approximately 20 percent to 50 percent or for which the company exercises significant influence but not control over policy decisions are accounted for by the equity method. As part of that accounting, the company recognizes gains and losses that arise from the issuance of stock by an affiliate that results in changes in the companys proportionate share of the dollar amount of the affiliates equity currently in income.
Derivatives The majority of the companys activity in commodity derivative instruments is intended to manage the financial risk posed by physical transactions. For some of this derivative activity, generally limited to large, discrete or infrequently occurring transactions, the company may elect to apply fair value or cash flow hedge accounting. For other similar derivative instruments, generally because of the short-term nature of the contracts or their limited use, the company does not apply hedge accounting, and changes in the fair value of those contracts are reflected in current income. For the companys commodity trading activity, gains and losses from the derivative instruments are reported in current income. For derivative instruments relating to foreign currency exposures, gains and losses are reported in current income. Interest rate swaps hedging a portion of the companys fixed-rate debt are accounted for as fair value hedges, whereas interest rate swaps relating to a portion of the companys floating-rate debt are recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, with resulting gains and losses reflected in income. Where Chevron is a party to master netting arrangements, fair value receivable and payable amounts recognized for derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty are offset on the balance sheet.
Short-Term Investments All short-term investments are classified as available for sale and are in highly liquid debt securities. Those investments that are part of the companys cash management portfolio and have original maturities of three months or less are reported as Cash equivalents. The balance of the short-term investments is reported as Marketable securities and are marked-to-market, with any unrealized gains or losses included in Other comprehensive income.
Inventories Crude oil, petroleum products and chemicals are generally stated at cost, using a Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) method. In the aggregate, these costs are below market. Materials, supplies and other inventories generally are stated at average cost.
FS-32
Goodwill Goodwill resulting from a business combination is not subject to amortization. As required by FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, the company tests such goodwill at the reporting unit level for impairment on an annual basis and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.
Environmental Expenditures Environmental expenditures that relate to ongoing operations or to conditions caused by past operations are expensed. Expenditures that create future benefits or contribute to future revenue generation are capitalized.
FS-33
Currency Translation The U.S. dollar is the functional currency for substantially all of the companys consolidated operations and those of its equity affiliates. For those operations, all gains and losses from currency translations are currently included in income. The cumulative translation effects for those few entities, both consolidated and affiliated, using functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar are included in the currency translation adjustment in Stockholders Equity.
Revenue Recognition Revenues associated with sales of crude oil, natural gas, coal, petroleum and chemicals products, and all other sources are recorded when title passes to the customer, net of royalties, discounts and allowances, as applicable. Revenues from natural gas production from properties in which Chevron has an interest with other producers are generally recognized on the basis of the companys net working interest (entitlement method). Excise, value-added and similar taxes assessed by a governmental authority on a revenue-producing transaction between a seller and a customer are presented on a gross basis. The associated amounts are shown as a footnote to the Consolidated Statement of Income on page FS-27. Refer to Note 13, on page FS-42, for a discussion of the accounting for buy/sell arrangements.
Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation Effective July 1, 2005, the company adopted the provisions of FASB Statement No. 123R, Share-Based Payment (FAS 123R), for its share-based compensation plans. The company previously accounted for these plans under the recognition and measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB 25), and related interpretations and disclosure requirements established by FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (FAS 123).
Note 2
FS-34
Note 3
Note 4
FS-35
Note 5
Note 6
Note 7
Commodity Derivative Instruments Chevron is exposed to market risks related to price volatility of crude oil, refined products, natural gas, natural gas liquids, liquefied natural gas and refinery feedstocks.
Foreign Currency The company enters into forward exchange contracts, generally with terms of 180 days or less, to manage some of its foreign currency exposures. These exposures include revenue and anticipated purchase transactions, including foreign currency capital expenditures and lease commitments, forecasted to occur within 180 days. The forward exchange contracts are recorded at fair value on the balance sheet with resulting gains and losses reflected in income.
FS-36
Interest Rates The company enters into interest rate swaps as part of its overall strategy to manage the interest rate risk on its debt. Under the terms of the swaps, net cash settlements are based on the difference between fixed-rate and floating-rate interest amounts calculated by reference to agreed notional principal amounts. Interest rate swaps related to a portion of the companys fixed-rate debt are accounted for as fair value hedges.
Fair Value Fair values are derived from quoted market prices, other independent third-party quotes or, if not available, the present value of the expected cash flows. The fair values reflect the cash that would have been received or paid if the instruments were settled at year-end.
Concentrations of Credit Risk The companys financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of its cash equivalents, marketable securities, derivative financial instruments and trade receivables. The companys short-term investments are placed with a wide array of financial institutions with high credit ratings. This diversified investment policy limits the companys exposure both to credit risk and to concentrations of credit risk. Similar standards of diversity and creditworthiness are applied to the companys counterparties in derivative instruments.
Note 8
FS-37
Segment Earnings The company evaluates the performance of its operating segments on an after-tax basis, without considering the effects of debt financing interest expense or investment interest income, both of which are managed by the company on a worldwide basis. Corporate administrative costs and assets are not allocated to the operating segments. However, operating segments are billed for the direct use of corporate services. Nonbillable costs remain at the corporate level in All Other. After-tax segment income by major operating area is presented in the following table:
Segment Sales and Other Operating Revenues Operating segment sales and other operating revenues, including internal transfers, for the years 2007, 2006 and 2005 are presented in the following table. Products are transferred between operating segments at internal product values that approximate market prices.
FS-38
Segment Income Taxes Segment income tax expense for the years 2007, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:
Other Segment Information Additional information for the segmentation of major equity affiliates is contained in Note 11, beginning on page FS-40. Information related to properties, plant and equipment by segment is contained in Note 12, on page FS-42.
Note 9
FS-39
Note 10
Note 11
Hamaca Chevrons 30 percent interest in the Hamaca heavy oil production and upgrading project located in Venezuelas Orinoco Belt was converted to a 30 percent share-holding in a joint stock company in January 2008, with a 25-year contract term.
FS-40
Angola LNG Ltd. Chevron has a 36 percent interest in Angola LNG, which will process and liquefy natural gas produced in Angola for delivery to international markets.
GS Caltex Corporation Chevron owns 50 percent of GS Caltex, a joint venture with GS Holdings. The joint venture, originally formed in 1967 between the LG Group and Caltex, imports, refines and markets petroleum products and petrochemicals predominantly in South Korea.
Caspian Pipeline Consortium Chevron has a 15 percent interest in the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC), which provides the critical export route for crude oil from both TCO and Karachaganak. At December 31, 2007, the companys carrying value of its investment in CPC was about $50 higher than the amount of underlying equity in CPC net assets.
Star Petroleum Refining Company Ltd. Chevron has a 64 percent equity ownership interest in Star Petroleum Refining Company Limited (SPRC), which owns the Star Refinery in Thailand. The Petroleum Authority of Thailand owns the remaining 36 percent of SPRC.
Escravos Gas-to-Liquids Chevron Nigeria Limited (CNL) has a 75 percent interest in Escravos Gas-to-Liquids (EGTL) with the other 25 percent of the joint venture owned by Nigeria National Petroleum Company. Sasol Ltd provides 50 percent of the venture capital required by CNL as risk-based financing (returns are based on project performance). This venture was formed to convert natural gas produced from Chevrons Nigerian operations into liquid products for sale in international markets. At December 31, 2007, the companys carrying value of its investment in EGTL was about $25 lower than the amount of underlying equity in EGTL net assets.
Caltex Australia Ltd. Chevron has a 50 percent equity ownership interest in Caltex Australia Limited (CAL). The remaining 50 percent of CAL is publicly owned. At December 31, 2007, the fair value of Chevrons share of CAL common stock was approximately $2,294. The aggregate carrying value of the companys investment in CAL was approximately $50 lower than the amount of underlying equity in CAL net assets.
Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC Chevron owns 50 percent of Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC (CPChem), with the other half owned by ConocoPhillips Corporation. At December 31, 2007, the companys carrying value of its investment in CPChem was approximately $60 lower than the amount of underlying equity in CPChem net assets.
Dynegy Inc. In May 2007, Chevron sold its 19 percent common stock investment in Dynegy Inc., a provider of electricity to markets and customers throughout the United States, for approximately $940, resulting in a gain of $680.
Other Information Sales and other operating revenues on the Consolidated Statement of Income includes $11,555, $9,582 and $8,824 with affiliated companies for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Purchased crude oil and products includes $5,464, $4,222 and $3,219 with affiliated companies for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
FS-41
Note 12
Note 13
FS-42
Note 14
RFG Patent Fourteen purported class actions were brought by consumers of reformulated gasoline (RFG) alleging that Unocal misled the California Air Resources Board into adopting standards for composition of RFG that overlapped with Unocals undisclosed and pending patents. Eleven lawsuits were consolidated in U.S. District Court for the Central District of California, where a class action has been certified, and three were consolidated in a state court action. Unocal is alleged to have monopolized, conspired and engaged in unfair methods of competition, resulting in injury to consumers of RFG. Plaintiffs in both consolidated actions seek unspecified actual and punitive damages, attorneys fees, and interest on behalf of an alleged class of consumers who purchased summertime RFG in California from January 1995 through August 2005. The parties have reached a tentative agreement to resolve all of the above matters in an amount that is not material to the companys results of operations, liquidity or
Note 15
In 2007, before-tax income for U.S. operations, including related corporate and other charges, was $7,794, compared with before-tax income of $9,131 and $6,733 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. For international operations, before-tax income was $24,373, $22,845 and $18,464 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. U.S. federal income tax expense was reduced by $132, $116 and $289 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, for business tax credits.
FS-43
Uncertain Income Tax Positions Effective January 1, 2007, the company implemented Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109(FIN 48), which clarifies the accounting for income tax benefits that are uncertain in nature. This interpretation was intended by the standard-setters to address the diversity in practice that existed in this area of accounting for income taxes.
FS-44
Note 16
FS-45
Note 17
Note 18
FASB Staff Position FAS No. 157-1, Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Its Related Interpretive Accounting Pronouncements That Address Leasing Transactions (FSP 157-1) In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP 157-1, which became effective for the company on January 1, 2008. This FSP excludes FASB Statement No. 13, Accounting for Leases, and its related interpretive accounting pronouncements from the provisions of FAS 157. Implementation of this standard did not have a material effect on the companys results of operations or consolidated financial position.
FASB Staff Position FAS No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (FSP 157-2) In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP 157-2, which delays the companys January 1, 2008 effective date of FAS 157 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), until January 1, 2009. Implementation of this standard did not have a material effect on the companys results of operations or consolidated financial position.
FASB Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (FAS 159) In February 2007, the FASB issued FAS 159, which became effective for the company on January 1, 2008. This standard permits companies to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value and report unrealized gains and losses in earnings. Such accounting is optional and is generally to be applied instrument by instrument. The implementation of FAS 159 did not have a material effect on the companys results of operations or consolidated financial position.
FASB Statement No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (FAS 141-R) In December 2007, the FASB issued FAS 141-R, which will become effective for business combination transactions having an acquisition date on or after January 1, 2009. This standard requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to
FS-46
FASB Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51 (FAS 160) The FASB issued FAS 160 in December 2007, which will become effective for the company January 1, 2009, with retroactive adoption of the Statements presentation and disclosure requirements for existing minority interests. This standard will require ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent to be presented within the equity section of the consolidated statement of financial position but separate from the parents equity. It will also require the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and the noncontrolling interest to be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated income statement. Certain changes in a parents ownership interest are to be accounted for as equity transactions and when a subsidiary is deconsolidated, any noncontrolling equity investment in the former subsidiary is to be initially measured at fair value. The company does not anticipate the implementation of FAS 160 will significantly change the presentation of its consolidated income statement or consolidated balance sheet.
Note 19
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Note 20
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FS-49
FS-50
Discount Rate The discount rate assumptions used to determine U.S. and international pension and postretirement benefit plan obligations and expense reflect the prevailing rates available on high-quality, fixed-income debt instruments. At December 31, 2007, the company selected a 6.3 percent discount rate for the major U.S. pension and postretirement plans. This rate was based on a cash flow analysis that matched estimated future benefit payments to the Citigroup Pension Discount Yield Curve as of year-end 2007. The discount rates at the end of 2006 and 2005 were 5.8 percent and 5.5 percent, respectively.
Plan Assets and Investment Strategy The companys pension plan weighted-average asset allocations at December 31 by asset category are as follows:
FS-51
Cash Contributions and Benefit Payments In 2007, the company contributed $78 and $239 to its U.S. and international pension plans, respectively. In 2008, the company expects contributions to be approximately $300 and $200 to its U.S. and international pension plans, respectively. Actual contribution amounts are dependent upon plan-investment returns, changes in pension obligations, regulatory environments and other economic factors. Additional funding may ultimately be required if investment returns are insufficient to offset increases in plan obligations.
Employee Savings Investment Plan Eligible employees of Chevron and certain of its subsidiaries participate in the Chevron Employee Savings Investment Plan (ESIP).
Employee Stock Ownership Plan Within the Chevron ESIP is an employee stock ownership plan (ESOP). In 1989, Chevron established a LESOP as a constituent part of the ESOP. The LESOP provides partial prefunding of the companys future commitments to the ESIP.
FS-52
Employee Incentive Plans Chevron has two incentive plans, the Management Incentive Plan (MIP) and the Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP), for officers and other regular salaried employees of the company and its subsidiaries who hold positions of significant responsibility. MIP is an annual cash incentive plan that links awards to performance results of the prior year. The cash awards may be deferred by the recipients by conversion to stock units or other investment fund alternatives. Aggregate charges to expense for MIP were $184, $180 and $155 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Awards under LTIP consist of stock options and other share-based compensation that are described in Note 21 below.
Note 21
Chevron Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) Awards under the LTIP may take the form of, but are not limited to, stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance units and nonstock grants. From April 2004 through January 2014, no more than 160 million shares may be issued under the LTIP, and no more than 64 million of those shares may be in a form other than a stock option, stock appreciation right or award requiring full payment for shares by the award recipient.
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Texaco Stock Incentive Plan (Texaco SIP) On the closing of the acquisition of Texaco in October 2001, outstanding options granted under the Texaco SIP were converted to Chevron options. These options, which have 10-year contractual lives extending into 2011, retained a provision for being restored. This provision enables a participant who exercises a stock option to receive new options equal to the number of shares exchanged or who has shares withheld to satisfy tax withholding obligations to receive new options equal to the number of shares exchanged or withheld. The restored options are fully exercisable six months after the date of grant, and the exercise price is the market value of the common stock on the day the restored option is granted. Beginning in 2007, restored options were granted under the LTIP. No further awards may be granted under the former Texaco plans.
Unocal Share-Based Plans (Unocal Plans) When Chevron acquired Unocal in August 2005, outstanding stock options and stock appreciation rights granted under various Unocal Plans were exchanged for fully vested Chevron options and appreciation rights. These awards retained the same provisions as the original Unocal Plans. Awards issued prior to 2004 generally may be exercised for up to three years after termination of employment (depending upon the terms of the individual award agreements) or the original expiration date, whichever is earlier. Awards issued since 2004 generally remained exercisable until the end of the normal option term if termination of employment occurred prior to August 10, 2007. Other awards issued under the Unocal Plans, including restricted stock, stock units, restricted stock units and performance shares, became vested at the acquisition date, and shares or cash were issued to recipients in accordance with change-in-control provisions of the plans.
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Broad-Based Employee Stock Options In addition to the plans described above, Chevron granted all eligible employees stock options or equivalents in 1998. The options vested in February 2000 and expired in February 2008. A total of 9,641,600 options were awarded with an exercise price of $38.16 per share.
Note 22
Guarantees The companys guarantee of approximately $600 is associated with certain payments under a terminal use agreement entered into by a company affiliate. The terminal is expected to be operational by 2012. Over the approximate 16-year term of the guarantee, the maximum guarantee amount will reduce over time as certain fees are paid by the affiliate. There are numerous cross-indemnity agreements with the affiliate and the other partners to permit recovery of any amounts paid under the guarantee. Chevron carries no liability for its obligation under this guarantee.
Indemnifications The company provided certain indemnities of contingent liabilities of Equilon and Motiva to Shell and Saudi Refining, Inc., in connection with the February 2002 sale of the companys interests in those investments. The company would be required to perform if the indemnified liabilities become actual losses. Were that to occur, the company could be required to make future payments up to $300. Through the end of 2007, the company paid $48 under these indemnities and continues to be obligated for possible additional indemnification payments in the future.
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Long-Term Unconditional Purchase Obligations and Commitments, Including Throughput and Take-or-Pay Agreements The company and its subsidiaries have certain other contingent liabilities relating to long-term unconditional purchase obligations and commitments, including throughput and take-or-pay agreements, some of which relate to suppliers financing arrangements. The agreements typically provide goods and services, such as pipeline and storage capacity, drilling rigs, utilities, and petroleum products, to be used or sold in the ordinary course of the companys business. The aggregate approximate amounts of required payments under these various commitments are: 2008 $4,700; 2009 $3,300; 2010 $3,300; 2011 $1,900; 2012 $1,300; 2013 and after $4,900. A portion of these commitments may ultimately be shared with project partners. Total payments under the agreements were approximately $3,700 in 2007, $3,000 in 2006 and $2,100 in 2005.
Minority Interests The company has commitments of $204 related to minority interests in subsidiary companies.
Environmental The company is subject to loss contingencies pursuant to environmental laws and regulations that in the future may require the company to take action to correct or ameliorate the effects on the environment of prior release of chemicals or petroleum substances, including MTBE, by the company or other parties. Such contingencies may exist for various sites, including, but not limited to, federal Superfund sites and analogous sites under state laws, refineries, crude oil fields, service stations, terminals, land development areas, and mining operations, whether operating, closed or divested. These future costs are not fully determinable due to such factors as the unknown magnitude of possible contamination, the unknown timing and extent of the corrective actions that may be required, the determination of the companys liability in proportion to other responsible parties, and the extent to which such costs are recoverable from third parties.
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Equity Redetermination For oil and gas producing operations, ownership agreements may provide for periodic reassessments of equity interests in estimated crude oil and natural gas reserves. These activities, individually or together, may result in gains or losses that could be material to earnings in any given period. One such equity redetermination process has been under way since 1996 for Chevrons interests in four producing zones at the Naval Petroleum Reserve at Elk Hills, California, for the time when the remaining interests in these zones were owned by the U.S. Department of Energy. A wide range remains for a possible net settlement amount for the four zones. For this range of settlement, Chevron estimates its maximum possible net before-tax liability at approximately $200, and the possible maximum net amount that could be owed to Chevron is estimated at about $150. The timing of the settlement and the exact amount within this range of estimates are uncertain.
Other Contingencies Chevron receives claims from and submits claims to customers; trading partners; U.S. federal, state and local regulatory bodies; governments; contractors; insurers; and suppliers. The amounts of these claims, individually and in the aggregate, may be significant and take lengthy periods to resolve.
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Note 24
Note 25
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Five-Year Financial SummaryUnaudited
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Table I Costs Incurred in Exploration, Property Acquisitions and Development1
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Table II Capitalized Costs Related to Oil and Gas Producing Activities
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Table V Reserve Quantity Information
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Net Proved Reserves of Crude Oil, Condensate and Natural Gas Liquids
Information on Canadian Oil Sands Net Proved Reserves Not Included Above:
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Net Proved Reserves of Natural Gas
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