Table of Contents
United States
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2026
or
☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File No. 001-38779
Rhinebeck Bancorp, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland
83-2117268
(State or other jurisdiction ofincorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. EmployerIdentification Number)
2 Jefferson Plaza, Poughkeepsie, New York
12601
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(Zip Code)
(845) 454-8555
(Registrant’s telephone number)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
RBKB
The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)
Large accelerated filer ☐
Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒
Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No ☒
As of May 1, 2026, there were 11,169,981 shares of the Registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
1
Item 1.
Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
2
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
3
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
5
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
6
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
37
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
46
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
47
Legal Proceedings
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Mine Safety Disclosures
Item 5.
Other Information
48
Item 6.
Exhibits
SIGNATURES
49
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
Rhinebeck Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
March 31,
December 31,
2026
2025
Assets
Cash and due from banks
$
17,593
15,893
Federal funds sold
92,125
83,157
Interest-bearing depository accounts
3,186
2,936
Total cash and cash equivalents
112,904
101,986
Available-for-sale securities (at fair value)
156,160
162,203
Loans receivable (net of allowance for credit losses of $7,888 and $8,353, respectively)
936,751
953,385
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
1,057
1,957
Accrued interest receivable
4,708
4,882
Cash surrender value of life insurance
31,193
30,996
Deferred tax assets (net of valuation allowance of $667 and $809, respectively)
4,551
4,941
Premises and equipment, net
13,480
13,621
Goodwill
2,235
Intangible assets, net
99
106
Other assets
21,729
25,454
Total assets
1,284,867
1,301,766
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities
Deposits
Non-interest bearing
225,671
227,272
Interest bearing
877,821
870,068
Total deposits
1,103,492
1,097,340
Mortgagors’ escrow accounts
7,890
9,399
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank
5,153
25,153
Subordinated debt
5,155
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
24,535
27,867
Total liabilities
1,146,225
1,164,914
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock (par value $0.01 per share; 5,000,000 authorized, no shares issued)
—
Common stock (par value $0.01; authorized 25,000,000; issued and outstanding 11,152,973 and 11,141,033 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively)
112
Additional paid-in capital
45,679
45,710
Unearned common stock held by the employee stock ownership plan
(2,782)
(2,837)
Retained earnings
103,963
101,797
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net of taxes
(6,655)
(6,255)
Defined benefit pension plan, net of taxes
(1,675)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss
(8,330)
(7,930)
Total stockholders’ equity
138,642
136,852
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31,
Interest and Dividend Income
Interest and fees on loans
14,338
15,008
Interest and dividends on securities
1,412
1,351
Other interest income
861
279
Total interest and dividend income
16,611
16,638
Interest Expense
Interest expense on deposits
5,173
4,762
Interest expense on borrowings
244
839
Total interest expense
5,417
5,601
Net interest income
11,194
11,037
Provision for Credit Losses on loans
71
353
Net interest income after provision for credit losses on loans
11,123
10,684
Non-interest Income
Service charges on deposit accounts
764
773
Net gain on sales of loans
38
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance
198
188
Net gain on disposal of premises and equipment
7
Investment advisory income
303
336
Other
194
416
Total non-interest income
1,466
1,751
Non-interest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits
5,533
5,134
Occupancy
1,223
1,071
Data processing
609
525
Professional fees
393
477
Marketing
145
200
FDIC deposit insurance and other insurance
219
297
Amortization of intangible assets
20
1,609
1,784
Total non-interest expense
9,738
9,508
Net income before income taxes
2,851
2,927
Net Provision for Income Taxes
635
639
Net income
2,216
2,288
Earnings per common share:
Basic
0.20
0.21
Diluted
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic
10,843,195
10,777,044
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted
10,983,362
10,923,364
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
Net Income
Other Comprehensive Income
Net unrealized (loss) gain on available for sale securities arising during the period
(507)
2,266
Tax effect
107
(476)
Unrealized (loss) gain on available for sale securities, net of tax
(400)
1,790
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Total Comprehensive Income
1,816
4,078
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
Unearned
Accumulated
Additional
Common
Paid-in
Stock Held
Retained
Comprehensive
Stock
Capital
by the ESOP
Earnings
Loss
Total
Balance at December 31, 2024
111
45,946
(3,055)
91,766
(12,935)
121,833
Other comprehensive loss
ESOP shares committed to be allocated
55
Share-based compensation expense
9
Balance at March 31, 2025
45,955
(3,000)
94,054
(11,145)
125,975
Balance at December 31, 2025
Other comprehensive income
22
77
10
Exercise of options (38,365 shares)
Share redemption for tax withholding (9,422 shares)
Repurchase of common stock (17,003 shares)
(170)
(50)
(220)
Balance at March 31, 2026
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts on investments, net
(59)
(97)
Provision for credit losses
Loans originated for sale
(385)
Proceeds from sale of loans
423
Net gain on sale of loans
(38)
Depreciation and amortization
337
318
Net gain from disposal of premises and equipment
(7)
Deferred income tax expense
498
437
Increase in cash surrender value of insurance
(198)
(188)
Net decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable
174
(197)
Expense of earned ESOP shares
Net decrease in other assets
3,725
Net (decrease) increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities
(3,332)
258
Net cash provided by operating activities
3,519
4,313
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Proceeds from maturities and principal repayments of securities
6,588
18,069
Purchases of securities
(992)
(631)
Net purchases of FHLB Stock
900
715
Net decrease (increase) in loans
16,562
(5,076)
Purchases of bank premises and equipment
(637)
(116)
Proceeds from disposal of premises and equipment
448
Net cash provided by investing activities
22,869
12,961
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net increase in demand deposits, NOW, money market and savings accounts
148
21,745
Net increase (decrease) in time deposits
6,004
(8,287)
Net decrease in mortgagors' escrow accounts
(1,509)
(1,799)
Net decrease in short-term debt
(15,900)
Repayment of borrowings
(20,000)
Stock repurchases
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Net cash used in financing activities
(15,470)
(4,241)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
10,918
13,033
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Beginning balance
37,484
Ending balance
50,517
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for:
Interest
5,678
5,743
Income taxes
117
105
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies
The financial statements include the accounts of Rhinebeck Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”), a stock holding company, and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Rhinebeck Bank (the “Bank”), a New York chartered stock savings bank. The primary purpose of the Company is to act as a holding company for the Bank. The Bank provides a full range of banking and financial services to consumer and commercial customers through its twelve branches and two representative offices located in Dutchess, Ulster, Orange, and Albany counties. Financial services, including investment advisory and financial product sales, are offered through a division of the Bank doing business as Rhinebeck Asset Management.
The unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which in the opinion of management are necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the interim periods and are of a normal and recurring nature. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2026 or for any other period.
The unaudited financial statements and other financial information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements, and related notes, of the Company at and for the year ended December 31, 2025 contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 13, 2026 (the “Annual Report on Form 10-K”).
For more information regarding the Company’s significant accounting policies, see the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report on Form 10-K. As of March 31, 2026, the critical accounting policies of the Company have not changed materially from those disclosed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K. See Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements – Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies.
Basis of Financial Statements Presentation
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and general practices within the banking industry. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities, as of the date of the consolidated statements of financial condition and reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”).
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the Bank. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the prior year consolidated financial statements may be reclassified as required to conform to the current year’s presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on our previously reported net income or stockholders’ equity.
Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, which amends the disclosure or presentation requirements related to various subtopics in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. In annual periods, this requires disclosure of an entity’s accounting policy related to where in the statement of cash flows the entity presents cash flows associated with derivative instruments and the related gains and losses. This also requires disclosure of the methods used in the diluted earnings per share computation for each dilutive security and clarifies that certain disclosures should be made during interim periods. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU but does not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures,” which requires disaggregated disclosure of income statement expenses for public business entities. The ASU does not change the expense captions an entity presents on the face of the income statement; rather, it requires disaggregation of certain expense captions into specified categories in disclosures within the footnotes to the financial statements. The ASU requires new financial statement disclosures in tabular format, disaggregating information about prescribed categories underlying any relevant income statement expense captions. The guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. Upon adoption, ASU 2024-03 may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU but does not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-08, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Purchased Loans,” which amends the accounting for acquired loans by introducing a category of purchased seasoned loans and expanding the use of the gross-up approach, requiring qualifying acquired loans to be recorded at purchase price plus an allowance for expected credit losses rather than recognizing a Day-1 provision through earnings. ASU 2025-08 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those annual periods, and is to be applied prospectively, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU but does not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-09, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Hedge Accounting Improvements,” which updates the hedge accounting guidance to improve alignment between hedge accounting and an entity’s risk management activities and to clarify and simplify the application of certain hedge accounting requirements. ASU 2025-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU but does not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
2. Investment Securities
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair values of available for sale securities are as follows:
March 31, 2026
Gross
Unrealized
Amortized Cost
Gains
Losses
Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities
35,709
(127)
35,637
U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities–residential
92,116
31
(7,373)
84,774
U.S. government agency securities
18,569
18,381
Municipal securities(1)
2,204
(130)
2,074
Corporate bonds
15,400
52
(530)
14,922
587
(215)
372
164,585
138
(8,563)
December 31, 2025
35,692
147
(11)
35,828
95,787
80
(6,887)
88,980
18,541
18,352
2,205
(123)
2,082
17,309
(758)
16,589
170,121
274
(8,192)
(1)
The issuers of municipal securities are all within New York State.
The following tables present the fair value and unrealized losses of the Company’s available for sale securities with gross unrealized losses aggregated by the length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized
loss position:
Less Than 12 Months
12 Months or Longer
30,616
U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities-residential
25,103
(218)
55,540
(7,155)
80,643
6,563
(5)
11,817
(183)
18,380
Municipal securities
520
(10)
1,470
(120)
1,990
1,992
(8)
9,882
(522)
11,874
352
64,794
(368)
79,061
(8,195)
143,855
8
12,909
9,846
(24)
64,740
(6,863)
74,586
11,803
1,997
1,235
(14)
12,570
(744)
13,805
24,342
(264)
91,110
(7,928)
115,452
At March 31, 2026, the Company had 166 individual available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position with unrealized losses totaling $8,563 with an aggregate depreciation of 5.20% from the Company’s amortized cost.
The Company evaluates securities in an unrealized loss position for impairment related to credit losses on at least a quarterly basis. Securities in unrealized loss positions are first assessed as to whether we intend to sell, or if it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If one of the criteria is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through current earnings. For securities that do not meet these criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value resulted from credit losses or other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, we compare the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis for the security, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded, limited to the amount that the fair value of the security is less than its amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses on asset-backed securities, state and municipal securities, and corporate bonds have not been recognized into income because the issuers are of high credit quality, we do not intend to sell and it is likely that we will not be required to sell the securities prior to their anticipated recovery. The decline in fair value is largely due to changes in interest rates and other market conditions. The issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments on the securities. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. No allowance for credit losses for available for sale securities was recorded as of March 31, 2026.
Federal agency obligations, residential mortgage-backed pass-through securities and commercial mortgage-backed pass-through securities are issued by U.S. Government agencies and U.S. Government sponsored enterprises. Although a government guarantee exists on these investments, these entities are not legally backed by the full faith and credit of the federal government. Nonetheless, at this time we do not foresee any set of circumstances in which the government would not fund its commitments on these investments.
The amortized cost and fair value of available for sale debt securities at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, by contractual maturities, are presented below. Actual maturities of mortgage-backed securities may differ from contractual maturities because the mortgages underlying the securities may be called or repaid without any penalties. Because mortgage-backed securities are not due at a single maturity date, they are not included in the maturity categories in the following maturity summary:
Maturity:
Within 1 year
16,976
16,913
13,939
13,850
After 1 but within 5 years
42,023
41,722
45,425
45,358
After 5 but within 10 years
12,883
12,379
14,383
13,643
After 10 years
Total Maturities
71,882
71,014
73,747
72,851
Mortgage-backed securities
At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, available for sale securities with a carrying value of $102,364 and $106,500, respectively, were pledged to secure Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB”) borrowings. In addition, at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, $970 and $978 of available for sale securities were pledged to secure borrowings at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (“FRB”), respectively.
During the three months ended March 31, 2026, there were no sales of available for sale securities and no realized gains or losses.
The Company elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable, because a timely write-off policy exists. A security is placed on non-accrual status at the time any principal or interest payments become more than 90 days delinquent or if full collection of interest or principal becomes uncertain. Accrued interest for a security placed on non-accrual status is reversed against interest income. There were no securities on non-accrual status and therefore there was no accrued interest related to securities reversed against interest income for the periods ended March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025. Total accrued interest receivable on available for sale securities totaled $712 and $741 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and was reported in accrued interest receivable on the consolidated statements of financial condition of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
3. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
A summary of the Company’s loan portfolio is as follows:
Commercial real estate loans:
Non-residential
417,373
417,808
Multi-family
107,090
107,938
Construction
8,856
8,982
Commercial and industrial loans
92,969
91,526
Residential real estate loans
100,966
100,086
Consumer loans:
Indirect automobile
196,426
213,802
Home equity
11,950
12,290
Other consumer
5,748
5,733
Total gross loans
941,378
958,165
Dealer reserves
3,261
3,573
Allowance for credit losses
(7,888)
(8,353)
Total net loans
The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and non-accrual loans:
Greater Than
30-59 Days
60-89 Days
90 Days Past
Total Loans
Current
Past Due
Due
Receivable
Non-accrual
Commercial real estate:
412,789
2,900
1,684
Multifamily
Commercial and industrial
92,137
601
231
Residential real estate
99,758
645
183
380
1,217
Consumer:
189,797
5,462
649
518
544
11,829
108
13
5,532
196
927,788
9,912
1,076
2,602
3,465
11
415,286
837
17
1,668
91,241
263
98,355
1,157
184
390
1,255
204,192
7,831
1,072
707
740
12,075
170
45
5,561
134
23
15
943,630
10,392
1,341
2,802
3,700
All of our non-accrual loans are individually analyzed for credit loss. The Company has one individually analyzed home equity loan of $98 that was accruing interest at March 31, 2026.
The following table presents the Company’s amortized cost basis of non-accrual loans for which there is no related ACL:
110
3,059
3,055
The following table presents the Company’s amortized cost basis of only those non-accrual loans with a related ACL:
Non-accrualloans
Related ACL
399
129
630
226
14
406
136
240
12
During the three months ended March 31, 2026, $23 in accrued interest was reversed for non-accrual loans. Total accrued interest receivable associated with loans totaled $3,960 and $4,168 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and was reported in accrued interest receivable on the consolidated statements of financial condition.
There were no residential mortgage or consumer loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process at March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.
The Company transfers a portion of its originated commercial real estate loans to participating lenders. The amounts transferred have been accounted for as sales and are therefore not included in the Company’s accompanying statements of financial condition. The Company and participating lenders share ratably in any gains or losses that may result from a loan’s performance under its contractual terms. The Company continues to service the loans on behalf of the participating lenders and, as such, collects cash payments from the borrowers, remits payments to participating lenders and disburses required escrow funds to relevant parties. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company was servicing loans for participants aggregating $52,016 and $52,240, respectively.
The Company also services certain loans that it has sold to third parties. The aggregate balances of loans serviced for others were $245,469 and $250,311 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Included in these are loans serviced for the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation with recourse provisions, whereby the Company is obligated to bear all costs when a default, including foreclosure, occurs. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the maximum contingent liability associated with loans sold with recourse was $472 and $473, respectively, which is not recorded in the consolidated financial statements. Losses are borne in priority order by the borrower, private mortgage insurance and the Company. As of March 31, 2026, the Company has not repurchased any loans or incurred any losses under these recourse provisions.
The balances of capitalized servicing rights included in other assets at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were $1,179 and $1,262, respectively. Fair value exceeds carrying value, and thus, no impairment charges related to servicing rights were recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2026 or the year ended December 31, 2025.
Activity in the Company’s ACL for loans for the three months ended March 31, 2026 is summarized in the table below:
Three months ended March 31, 2026
Balance at
(Reversal of)
beginning of
provision for
end of
period
Charge-offs
Recoveries
credit losses
3,142
(78)
3,064
490
(27)
463
762
(36)
737
739
742
3,050
(868)
334
205
2,721
90
(3)
87
(31)
18
74
8,353
(899)
82
7,888
Activity in the Company’s ACL for loans for the three months ended March 31, 2025 is summarized in the tables below.
Three months ended March 31, 2025
Provision for
(reversal of)
2,675
42
2,717
313
19
332
684
(175)
161
673
575
612
4,133
(784)
426
3,911
84
75
(21)
8,539
(959)
449
377
8,406
The Company has also recorded an ACL for unfunded commitments, which was recorded in other liabilities. The provision for unfunded commitments is recorded within the provision for credit losses on the Company’s income statement. Activity in the Company’s ACL for unfunded commitments for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 is summarized in the tables below.
100
152
141
119
92
104
103
220
The following table summarizes the provision for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
Provision for credit losses - loans
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses - unfunded commitments
In the normal course of business, the Company grants loans to officers, directors and other related parties. Balances and activity of such loans during the periods presented were not material.
On an annual basis, or more often if needed, the Company formally reviews the ratings on all commercial real estate, multifamily, construction and commercial loans. To assist in the review process, the Company engages an independent third-party to review a significant portion of loans within these segments. Consumer loans are rated as performing or non-performing based on payment status in accordance with regulatory retail credit guidance. Management uses the results of these reviews as part of its annual review process. In addition, management utilizes delinquency reports, the watch list and other loan reports to monitor credit quality of other loan segments.
Credit Quality Indicators. The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on all loans at origination and is updated on a quarterly basis for loans risk rated Watch, Special Mention, Substandard, or Doubtful.
The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:
Watch – Loans classified as watch exhibit weaknesses that require more than usual monitoring. Issues may include deteriorating financial condition, payments made after due date but within 30 days, adverse industry conditions or management problems.
Special Mention – Loans classified as special mention exhibit signs of further deterioration but still generally make payments within 30 days. This is a transitional rating and loans should typically not be rated Special Mention for more than 12 months.
Substandard – Loans classified as substandard possess weaknesses that jeopardize the ultimate collection of the principal and interest outstanding. These loans exhibit continued financial losses, ongoing delinquency, overall poor financial condition, and/or insufficient collateral. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful – Loans classified as non-performing have all the weaknesses of substandard loans, and have deteriorated to the level that there is a high probability of substantial loss.
Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above-described process are considered Pass rated loans.
The following table presents the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio (excluding loans in process) based on rating category, as well as gross write-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2026, and by fiscal year of origination as of March 31, 2026.
Revolving
Loans by Origination Year
Loans
2024
2023
2022
Prior
Commercial construction
Pass
-
Watch
775
7,618
Total commercial construction
Commercial non-residential
3,609
65,309
43,144
31,199
34,249
96,481
273,991
500
16,524
13,296
14,889
21,236
47,665
114,110
Special mention
22,910
1,979
24,889
Substandard
2,308
2,075
4,383
Total commercial non-residential
4,109
81,833
56,440
68,998
59,772
146,221
10,941
735
586
17,787
34,737
64,786
993
5,614
10,203
10,686
14,808
42,304
Total multifamily
11,934
6,349
10,789
28,473
49,545
Residential
Performing
3,802
20,324
14,416
24,921
19,906
16,380
99,749
Non-performing
289
928
Total residential
20,195
17,308
2,435
7,483
6,123
5,772
13,558
4,930
18,318
58,619
978
6,098
3,022
754
1,932
970
14,727
28,481
273
2,935
2,619
5,827
Total commercial and industrial
3,413
13,581
9,145
6,799
18,425
5,900
35,706
10,671
41,512
34,965
41,300
48,919
18,515
195,882
39
81
189
124
Total indirect automobile
41,551
35,046
41,411
49,108
18,639
Current-period gross write-offs
341
166
868
128
672
204
2,965
7,968
11,937
Total home equity
2,978
1,029
1,648
802
689
214
5,741
Total other consumer
1,262
Pass/performing
21,674
147,889
100,842
104,580
135,108
174,112
26,500
710,705
1,941
24,390
29,550
25,846
33,854
63,443
193,751
0
23,183
4,914
30,716
4,425
88
478
1,065
1,781
23,615
172,318
130,480
153,720
176,662
240,695
43,888
Total Current-period gross write-offs
181
350
177
899
16
The following table presents the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio (excluding loans in process) based on rating category, as well as gross write-offs for the year ended December 31, 2025, and by fiscal year of origination as of December 31, 2025.
2021
2,037
6,170
6,945
2,812
63,489
44,835
36,178
34,652
25,438
74,392
278,984
16,602
11,894
10,164
23,344
3,343
46,157
111,504
22,921
2,315
2,084
4,399
80,091
56,729
69,263
60,311
28,781
122,633
629
10,986
738
590
18,086
27,949
7,063
65,412
996
5,627
10,210
10,756
5,514
9,423
42,526
11,982
6,365
10,800
28,842
33,463
16,486
21,114
14,402
25,795
20,184
1,720
15,616
98,831
292
963
20,476
16,579
8,011
6,937
6,533
14,284
5,559
512
18,818
60,654
6,305
3,014
783
4,689
190
939
14,186
30,106
455
250
705
61
14,316
9,951
7,316
19,428
5,771
1,451
33,293
151
165
335
44,776
38,583
47,088
58,044
19,391
5,180
213,062
41
120
320
68
44,817
38,687
47,208
58,364
19,478
5,248
86
428
1,026
2,632
680
206
3,213
8,191
1,987
1,483
975
907
139
5,718
1,488
985
33
24
153,080
107,184
117,159
146,157
80,196
105,983
27,229
736,988
24,678
26,705
21,157
38,789
9,047
56,519
191,081
23,626
4,460
109
130
1,031
2,010
177,799
133,998
161,367
188,328
89,352
165,617
41,704
457
666
1,687
294
3,686
4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The Company evaluates goodwill annually in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year or more often if events occur or circumstances change that indicate an impairment may exist. Management has determined that no write-down was required for the first three months of 2026 or 2025.
The changes in the carrying value of the customer list and core deposit intangibles, net of accumulated amortization and impairment, are as follows:
Three months ended March 31,
Amortization
(20)
146
Core deposit intangibles represent the estimated fair value of acquired customer deposit relationships on the date of acquisition and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Purchased customer accounts primarily consist of records and files that contain information about investment holdings. The values assigned to customer lists and core deposit intangibles are based upon the application of the income approach. The Company recognized $7 and $20 of amortization expense related to its intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
As of March 31, 2026, the future amortization expense for amortizable intangible assets for the years ended December 31, was as follows:
2027
21
2028
2029
2030
Thereafter
5. Deposits
Deposits balances are summarized as follows:
Non-interest bearing demand deposits
Interest bearing accounts:
NOW(1)
129,185
123,576
Savings
131,042
127,219
Money market
234,650
242,333
Time certificates of deposit
382,944
376,940
Total interest bearing accounts
The Company participates in a reciprocal deposit program with other financial institutions that provides access to Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) insurance for deposit products with aggregate amounts exceeding the current limits for depositors. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, total reciprocal deposits were $36,446 and $35,638, respectively. Included in time certificates of deposit at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were reciprocal deposits totaling $22,757 and $21,854, respectively, with original maturities of one to three years. Reciprocal deposits included in money market accounts totaled $13,690 and $13,784 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
The Company had no brokered deposits at either March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025. Time certificates of deposit in denominations of $250 or greater were $103,566 and $99,659 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Contractual maturities of time certificates of deposit at March 31, 2026 are summarized below:
368,115
1 – 2 years
11,252
2 – 3 years
1,230
3 – 4 years
1,564
4 – 5 years
6. Long-Term Debt and FHLB Stock
FHLB Borrowings and Stock
The Bank is a member of the FHLB. Borrowings with the FHLB require collateralization through the pledge of specific loans and securities. The Bank also has access to a preapproved secured line of credit with the FHLB which was not to exceed $642,305 and $650,791 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. At March 31, 2026 the Bank had pledged $523,467 of assets to the FHLB, which resulted in a secured line of credit of $365,711. At December 31, 2025, the Bank had pledged $514,823 of assets to the FHLB, which resulted in a secured line of credit of $306,410. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had no outstanding overnight line of credit balances with the FHLB. These borrowings would mature the following business day. The Company also had structured borrowings of $5,153. The outstanding principal amounts and the related terms and rates of FHLB advances at March 31, 2026 were as follows:
Term
Principal
Maturity
Rate
Due in one year
Long term
Fixed medium-term
1,233
September 21, 2026
5.20
%
381
November 9, 2026
5.04
969
May 3, 2027
4.99
June 21, 2027
4.73
1,830
June 27, 2028
3.91
Weighted Average Rate
4.62
1,614
3,539
The Bank is required to maintain an investment in FHLB capital stock, as collateral, in an amount equal to a certain percentage of its outstanding debt. FHLB stock is considered restricted stock and is carried at cost. The Bank evaluates FHLB stock for impairment based on the ultimate recovery ability of the cost. No impairment was recognized at either March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.
Subordinated Debt
In addition to the Bank, the Company has one other wholly-owned subsidiary, RSB Capital Trust I (the “Trust”). In 2005, the Trust issued $5,000 of pooled trust preferred securities in a private placement and issued 155 shares of common stock at $1 par value per share, to the Company. The Trust, which has no independent assets or operations, was formed in 2005 for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and investing the proceeds in an equivalent amount of junior subordinated debentures. The proceeds from the issuance of the trust preferred securities were down-streamed to the Bank and are currently considered Tier 1 capital for purposes of determining the Bank’s capital ratios. The duration of the Trust is 30 years.
The subordinated debt securities of $5,155 are unsecured obligations of the Company and are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all present and future senior indebtedness of the Company. The Company has entered into a guarantee, which together with its obligations under the subordinated debt securities and the declaration of trust governing the Trust, including its obligations to pay costs, expenses, debts and liabilities, provides a full and unconditional guarantee of amounts on the capital securities. The rate on the subordinated debentures, which bear interest at the three-month term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus 2% and a relative spread adjustment of 0.26%, was 5.93% and 6.14% at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The subordinated debentures mature on May 23, 2035.
Other Borrowings
The Bank has an unsecured, uncommitted $10,000 line of credit with Zions Bank. There were no advances outstanding under this line of credit at either March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.
The Bank also has an unsecured, uncommitted $50,000 line of credit with Pacific Coast Bankers Bank. There were no advances outstanding under this line of credit at either March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.
Additionally, at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Bank had available funds of $142,921 and $155,646, respectively, under the Federal Reserve Bank’s discount window. There were no advances outstanding under this line of credit at either March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.
7. Employee Benefits
Pension Plan
The Bank maintains a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan covering substantially all of its employees 21 years of age or older who had completed at least one year of service as of June 30, 2012, the effective date on which the Board of Directors of the Bank voted to freeze the defined benefit plan.
The following table sets forth the plan’s funded status and amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition:
Projected and accumulated benefit obligation
(16,317)
(16,707)
Plan assets at fair value
18,565
18,902
Funded status included in accrued expenses and other liabilities
2,248
2,195
The net periodic pension cost and amounts recognized in other expense are as follows:
Interest cost
221
222
Expected return on plan assets
(282)
(245)
Amortization of unrecognized loss
Net periodic (benefit) cost
(54)
The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets has been determined by applying historical average investment returns from published indexes relating to the current allocation of assets in the plan. Plan assets are invested in pooled separate accounts consisting of underlying investments in two diversified investment funds.
As of March 31, 2026, the investment funds included two fixed income bond funds, each with its own investment objectives, investment strategies and risks, as detailed in the Company’s investment policy statement. The Company determines the appropriate strategic asset allocation versus plan liabilities, as governed by the investment policy statement.
The assets of the plan are invested under the supervision of the Company’s investment committee in accordance with the investment policy statement. The investment options of the plan are chosen in a manner consistent with generally accepted standards of fiduciary responsibility. The investment performance of the Company’s individual investment managers, with the assistance of the Company’s investment consultant, is monitored on a quarterly basis and is reviewed at least annually relative to the objectives and guidelines as stated in the Company’s investment policy statement.
The Company did not contribute to the plan in the first three months of 2026 or 2025.
The fair value of the Company’s pension plan assets, by fair value hierarchy, are as follows:
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Assets:
Investment in separate accounts
Fixed income
Total assets at fair value
12,732
Equity
The pooled separate accounts are valued at the net asset per unit, based on either the observable net asset value of the underlying investment or the net asset value of the underlying pool of securities. Net asset value is based on the value of the underlying assets owned by the fund, minus its liabilities, and then divided by the number of shares outstanding.
For a detailed disclosure on the Bank’s pension and employee benefits plans, please refer to Note 9 of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2025 included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Defined Contribution Plan
The Bank sponsors a 401(k) defined contribution plan. Participants are permitted, in accordance with the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, to contribute up to 25% of their earnings (as defined) into the plan with the Bank matching up to 6%, subject to Internal Revenue Service limitations. The Bank’s contributions charged to operations amounted to $251 and $280 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Deferred Compensation Arrangements
Directors’ Plan, (formerly the “Trustees Plan”)
The Bank’s Deferred Compensation Plan for Fees of Directors, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2005 (the “Directors’ Plan”), covers directors who elect to defer receipt of all or a portion of their fees until separation from service. Upon resignation, retirement, or death, the participant’s total deferred compensation, including earnings thereon, will be paid out. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, total amounts due to participants of $2,025 and $3,429, respectively, were included in accrued expenses and other liabilities. Total expenses related to the Directors’ Plan were $80 and $87 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which were included in other non-interest expense in the consolidated statements of income.
Executive Long-Term Incentive and Retention Plan
The Bank maintains an Executive Long-Term Incentive and Retention Plan (the “Executive Plan”). Participation in the Executive Plan is limited to officers of the Company designated as participants by the Board of Directors. Under the Executive Plan, the Board of Directors may grant annual incentive awards equal to a percentage of a participant’s base salary at the rate in effect on the last day of the Executive Plan year, as determined by the Board of Directors based on the attainment of criteria established annually by the Board of Directors. Incentive awards under the Executive Plan are credited to the participant’s incentive benefit account as of the last day of the Executive Plan year to which the award relates and earn interest at a rate determined annually by the Board of Directors. Participants vest in their benefit accounts in accordance with the vesting schedule approved by the Board of Directors, which ranges from one to five years of service. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, $1,885 and $1,630, respectively, was included in accrued expenses and other liabilities, which represents the cumulative amounts deferred and earnings thereon. The Company recognized expenses of $369 and $190 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, related to this plan, which are included in salaries and employee benefits expense and other non-interest expense in the consolidated statements of income.
Group Term Replacement Plan
Under the terms of the “Group Term Replacement Plan,” the Company provides postretirement life insurance benefits to certain officers. The liability related to these postretirement benefits is accrued over the individual participants’ service period and aggregated $1,773 and $1,761 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Company recognized expenses of $12 for each of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 related to this plan, which are included in salaries and employee benefits expense in the consolidated statements of income.
Other Director and Officer Postretirement Benefits
The Company has fee continuation agreements with certain directors and a supplemental retirement agreement with an executive officer, each of which provide fixed postretirement benefits to be paid to the directors or the officer, or their beneficiaries, for periods ranging from 15 to 20 years. In addition, the Company has agreements with certain directors which provide certain postretirement life insurance benefits. The liability related to these postretirement benefits is accrued over the individual participants’ service period and aggregated $2,162 and $2,154 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Company recognized expenses of $11 and $28 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, related to these benefits, which are included in other non-interest expenses in the consolidated statements of income.
Employee Stock Ownership Plan
On January 1, 2019, the Bank established an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) to provide Company stock to eligible employees. The plan is a tax-qualified retirement plan for the benefit of Bank employees. On January 16, 2019, the Company granted a loan to the ESOP to purchase 436,425 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $10.00 per share. The loan obtained by the ESOP from the Company is payable annually over 20 years at a rate per annum equal to the Prime Rate, reset annually on January 1st (6.75% at January 1, 2026). Loan payments are funded by cash contributions from the Bank. The loan is secured by the shares purchased, which are held in a suspense account for allocation among participants as the loan is repaid. The balance of the ESOP loan at March 31, 2026 was $3,335. Contributions are allocated to eligible participants on the basis of compensation, subject to federal tax limits. The number of shares committed to be released annually is 21,821 through 2039.
Shares held by the ESOP include the following:
Allocated
152,747
130,926
Committed to be allocated
5,454
21,821
Unallocated
278,224
283,678
Paid out to participants
(28,945)
Total shares
407,480
The fair value of unallocated shares was $4,290 at March 31, 2026.
Total compensation expense recognized in connection with the ESOP was $76 and $55 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Share-Based Compensation Plan
On May 26, 2020, stockholders of the Company approved the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2020 EIP”). The 2020 EIP authorizes the issuance to participants of up to 763,743 shares of Rhinebeck Bancorp common stock pursuant to grants of incentive and non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units. Of this number, the maximum number of shares of Rhinebeck Bancorp common stock that may be issued under the 2020 EIP pursuant to the exercise of stock options is 545,531 shares, and the maximum number of shares of Rhinebeck Bancorp common stock that may be issued as restricted stock awards or restricted stock units is 218,212 shares. These amounts represented 4.90% and 1.96%, respectively, of the number of shares of common stock issued in the stock offering of Rhinebeck Bancorp.
Pursuant to terms of the 2020 EIP, on August 25, 2020, the Board of Directors granted restricted stock and stock options to employees and directors. All of the awards granted vest annually over a three-year period from the date of the grant and the term of each option is ten years. Since the effective date of the 2025 Equity Incentive Plan (“2025 EIP”), no further grants of equity awards are permitted under the 2020 Equity Plan.
On May 21, 2025, stockholders of the Company approved the 2025 EIP. The 2025 EIP authorizes the issuance to participants of up to 600,000 shares of Rhinebeck Bancorp common stock pursuant to grants of incentive and non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units. As of March 31, 2026, there have been no grants or awards issued under this plan.
The fair value of each option granted under the 2020 EIP is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of a peer group of comparable SEC-reporting bank holding companies. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s expectation of dividend payouts. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the date of grant. The Company has elected to recognize forfeitures as they occur.
A summary of options under the 2020 EIP as of March 31, 2026 is presented below:
Weighted -
Weighted-Average
Number of
Average
Remaining Contractual
Shares
Exercise Price
Term (in Years)
Options outstanding at beginning of year
258,830
6.57
4.15
Exercised
(38,365)
Options outstanding at March 31, 2026
220,465
4.05
Options exercisable at March 31, 2026
At March 31, 2026, the aggregate intrinsic value of the stock options exercised was $354, and the aggregate intrinsic value of the stock options outstanding was $1,951. These values fluctuate based on changes in the fair market value of the Company’s stock. The aggregate intrinsic value of the stock options outstanding represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (i.e., the difference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of period and the weighted-average exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares) that would have been issued had all option holders exercised their options on March 31, 2026.
As of March 31, 2026, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to the nonvested stock options granted under the 2020 EIP, as all options were fully vested at March 31, 2026.
The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock activity for the three months ended March 31, 2026:
Number
Grant Date
of Shares
Fair Value per Share
Non-vested restricted stock at beginning of year
10,000
7.94
Non-vested restricted stock at March 31, 2026
As of March 31, 2026, there was $51 of unrecognized compensation cost related to the nonvested restricted stock awards granted under the 2020 EIP. The cost is expected to be recognized over a remaining period of 1.27 years.
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, share-based compensation of options and restricted stock under the 2020 EIP totaled $10 and $9, respectively.
25
8. Leases
As of March 31, 2026, the Company leased real estate for seven branch offices and one administrative office under various lease agreements. All of our leases are classified as operating leases.
The calculated amount of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are impacted by the length of the lease term and the discount rate used to present the value of the minimum lease payments. The Company’s leases have maturities which range from 2030 to 2048, some of which include lessee options to extend the lease term. If the Company considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the extended term in the calculation of the right-of-use asset and lease liability. The weighted average remaining life of the lease terms for these leases was 14.8 years and 15.2 years as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company used its incremental borrowing rate, the rate of interest to borrow on a collateralized basis for a similar term, at each lease commencement date. The weighted average discount rate for operating leases as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2024 was 4.14% and 4.12%, respectively.
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, total operating lease costs were $183 and $205, respectively, and were included in occupancy and other expense. The ROU asset, included in other assets, was $6,063 and $6,045 and the corresponding lease liability, included in accrued expenses and other liabilities was $6,169 and $6,144 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Future minimum payments for operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more as of March 31, 2026 were as follows:
Years ending December 31:
539
701
654
604
5,497
Total future minimum lease payments
8,710
Amounts representing interest
(2,541)
Present Value of Net Future Minimum Lease Payments
6,169
26
9. Commitments and Contingencies and Derivatives
Legal Matters
The Company is involved in various legal proceedings which have arisen in the normal course of business. Management believes that resolution of these matters will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
Employment Agreements
The Company has entered into employment agreements with certain officers. The agreements provide for base salaries and incentive compensation based on performance criteria outlined in the agreements. The agreements also provide for insurance and various other benefits.
Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk
In the normal course of business, the Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include standby letters of credit and commitments to extend credit, which include new loan commitments, undisbursed portions of construction loans and other lines of credit and loans sold with recourse. We are obligated under a recourse provision associated with certain first mortgage renovation loans sold in the secondary market to bear all costs when a default, including a foreclosure, occurs. These financial instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the statements of financial condition. The contractual amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in particular classes of financial instruments.
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent off-balance sheet credit risk are as follows:
Commitments to extend credit summarized as follows:
Future loan commitments
1,680
1,688
Undisbursed construction loans
4,013
3,946
Undisbursed home equity lines of credit
9,788
9,735
Undisbursed commercial and other line of credit
99,974
74,207
Standby letters of credit
4,756
5,014
Credit card lines
10,848
10,697
Loans sold with recourse
472
473
131,531
105,760
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Since these commitments could expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.
The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon an extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include residential and commercial property, deposits and securities.
27
Interest Rate Swaps
The Company enters into interest rate swaps that allow commercial loan customers to effectively convert a variable-rate loan agreement to a fixed-rate loan agreement. Under these agreements, the Company simultaneously enters into a variable-rate loan and an interest rate swap agreement with a customer. The Company then enters into a corresponding and offsetting swap agreement with a third party to hedge the exposure created by the customer agreements. The interest rate swaps with both the customers and third parties are not designated as hedges under FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and are marked to market through earnings. The fair values of the swaps are recorded as both an asset and a liability, in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, in equal amounts for these transactions. The accrued interest receivable and payable of $117 and $115 related to our swaps is recorded in other assets and other liabilities as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Summary information regarding these derivatives is presented below:
Notational amount
239,003
240,092
Fair value
6,244
7,204
Weighted average pay rates
5.77
Weighted average receive rates
5.86
6.03
Weighted average maturity (in years)
5.16
5.41
Number of Contracts
28
10. Regulatory Matters
The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items, as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the tables below) of total, common equity Tier 1 and additional Tier I capital (as defined in 12 C.F.R. § 324.20) to risk-weighted assets and of Tier I capital to average assets. Management believes, as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, that the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject.
The most recent notification from the FDIC categorized the Bank as “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, common equity Tier 1, Tier I risk-based and Tier I leverage ratios as set forth in the table below. There are no conditions or events since then which management believes have changed the Bank’s category.
The Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios were:
To be Well Capitalized under
For Capital Adequacy
Prompt Corrective Action
Actual
Purposes
Provisions
Amount
Ratio
Rhinebeck Bank
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)
149,998
14.95
80,259
8.00
100,324
10.00
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)
141,969
14.15
60,194
6.00
Common equity tier one capital (to risk weighted assets)
45,146
4.50
65,210
6.50
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)
10.94
51,907
4.00
64,883
5.00
147,671
14.40
82,039
102,549
139,166
13.57
61,529
46,147
66,657
10.62
52,423
65,529
29
11. Fair Value
The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. A description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for estimating fair value for financial and non-financial instruments not recorded at fair value, is set forth below.
The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Available for Sale Securities
Where quoted prices are available in an active market for identical securities, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include marketable equity securities and U.S. Treasury obligations. If quoted prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models (i.e., matrix pricing) or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics and are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Examples of such instruments include government agency bonds, mortgage-backed securities and municipal bonds. Level 3 securities include securities for which significant unobservable inputs are utilized. Available for sale securities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.
FHLB Stock
The carrying value of FHLB stock approximates fair value based on the redemption provisions of the FHLB.
Loans receivable are carried at cost. For variable rate loans, which reprice frequently, carrying values are a reasonable estimate of fair values adjusted for credit losses inherent in the portfolios. The fair value of fixed rate loans is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the year end rates, estimated using local market data, at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities, adjusted for credit losses inherent in the portfolios. The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral-dependent individually analyzed loans are recorded to reflect partial write-downs based on the observable market price or current appraised value of collateral.
Other Real Estate Owned
Other real estate owned represents real estate acquired through foreclosure and is carried at fair value less estimated selling costs. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral. These assets are included as Level 3 fair values, based upon the lowest level of input that is utilized in the fair value measurements.
Accrued Interest
The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value.
30
Mortgage Servicing Rights
The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. Mortgage servicing rights are carried at the lower of amortized cost or estimated fair value and are included in other assets on the consolidated statements of financial condition.
Deposit liabilities are carried at cost. The fair value of NOW, savings and money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of time certificates of deposit is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities estimated using local market data to a schedule of aggregated expected maturities on such deposits.
Mortgagors’ Escrow Accounts
The fair value is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on deposited escrow accounts of similarly expected maturities.
Advances from the FHLB
The fair value of the advances is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies current FHLB interest rates for advances of similar maturity to a schedule of maturities of such advances.
Based on the floating rate characteristic of these instruments, the carrying value is considered to approximate fair value.
Off-Balance-Sheet Instruments
Fair values for off-balance-sheet lending commitments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standings. Such amounts are not significant.
Loan Level Interest Rate Swaps
The fair value is based on settlement values adjusted for credit risks associated with the counterparties and the Company and observable market interest rate curves.
The following tables detail the assets that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis as of the periods shown and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine the fair value:
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
Significant
for Identical
Observable
Unobservable
Balance
Assets (Level 1)
Inputs (Level 2)
Inputs (Level 3)
1,989
85
Total available for sale securities
120,438
Loan level interest rate swaps
162,404
126,682
Liabilities:
U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities – residential
126,290
169,407
133,494
32
The following tables detail the assets carried at fair value and measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine the fair value:
Individually analyzed loans, with specific reserves
270
405
Loans that were individually analyzed using the fair value of the collateral had recorded investments of $406 and $645 with valuation allowances of $136 and $240 and fair values of $270 and $405 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The valuation allowance represents specific allocations to the allowance for credit losses.
The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:
Quantitative Information About Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
Valuation
Range
Estimate
Techniques
Input
(Weighted Average)
Appraisal of collateral
Liquidation expenses
0% to 8%
Appraisal adjustments
(2)
0% to 20%
Fair value is generally through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral that generally include various level 3 inputs which are not identifiable.
Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. The range of liquidation expenses and other appraisal adjustments are presented as a percentage of the appraised value.
Estimated costs to sell.
The estimated fair value amounts for 2026 and 2025 have been measured as of their respective reporting dates and have not been reevaluated or updated for purposes of these financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. As such, the estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent to the respective reporting dates may be different than amounts reported at each year-end.
The information presented should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Company since a fair value calculation is only required for a limited portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Due to the wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between the Company’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful.
As of the following dates, the carrying value and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments were:
Fair Value Measurements at
March 31, 2026 Using
Carrying Value
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Available for sale securities
FHLB stock
Loans, net
935,426
Mortgage servicing rights
1,179
3,709
Financial Liabilities:
1,052,000
Mortgagors' escrow accounts
7,980
FHLB advances
4,906
Accrued interest payable
811
December 31, 2025 Using
944,816
3,926
1,053,275
26,982
918
34
12. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were as follows:
Securities available for sale:
Net unrealized loss on securities available for sale
(8,425)
(7,918)
Related deferred tax(1)
1,770
1,663
Net accumulated other comprehensive loss
Defined benefit pension plan:
Unrecognized net actuarial loss and prior service cost
(2,120)
445
(1) Related deferred tax is calculated using an income tax rate of 21.0%.
13. Segment Reporting
The Company is a bank holding company, whose principal activity is the ownership and management of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Rhinebeck Bank. As a community-focused financial institution, the Company’s operations primarily involve offering loan and deposit products and providing financial advisory services to customers. Since management evaluates performance and makes strategic decisions based on a single, integrated banking operation, the Company is considered to have one reportable segment for financial reporting purposes.
Management makes operating decisions and assesses performance based on an ongoing review of these banking operations, The accounting policies of the banking operations segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company's reportable segment is determined by the Chief Executive Officer, who serves as the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The CODM assesses the Company's products and services, which primarily consist of banking operations, and evaluates performance based on financial data provided.
Interest income from loans and other earning assets, and income from fee-based businesses provide banking operation revenue. Interest expense on deposits and other sources of funding, provisions for credit losses, and operating expenses, primarily salaries and employee benefits, occupancy, furniture and equipment, and data processing and communications, provide the significant expenses of banking operations. The Company currently operates as a single-segment and all operations are domestic.
35
14. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share represent income available to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed in a manner similar to that of basic earnings per share except that the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding is increased to include the number of incremental shares (computed using the treasury method) that would have been outstanding if all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents (such as options) were issued during the period. There were no anti-dilutive options for the three months ended March 31, 2026 or 2025. Options with an exercise price greater than the average market price of the common shares are considered anti-dilutive. Unearned ESOP shares are not deemed outstanding for earnings per share calculations.
Net income applicable to common stock
Average number of common shares outstanding
11,124,162
11,079,828
Less: Average unearned ESOP shares
280,967
302,784
Average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate basic earnings per common share
Additional common stock equivalents (nonvested stock) used to calculate diluted earnings per share
6,049
Additional common stock equivalents (stock options) used to calculate diluted earnings per share
134,118
140,788
Weighted-average common shares and common stock equivalents used to calculate diluted earnings per share
36
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
General
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, and for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, is intended to assist in understanding the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and the Bank. The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with the unaudited financial statements and the notes thereto appearing in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This report may contain forward-looking statements, which can be identified by the use of words such as “estimate,” “approximate,” “project,” “believe,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “seek,” “expect,” “intend,” “predict,” “forecast,” “improve,” “continue,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may” and words of similar meaning. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
·
statements of our goals, intentions and expectations;
statements regarding our business plans, prospects, growth and operating strategies, and financial condition and results of operation;
statements regarding the quality of our loan and investment portfolios; and
estimates of our risks and future costs and benefits.
These forward-looking statements are based on our current beliefs and expectations and are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control. In addition, these forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions with respect to future business strategies and decisions that are subject to change. Forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to risks and uncertainties.
The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements:
Additional factors that may affect our results are discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Risk Factors.” Because of these and other uncertainties, our actual future results may be materially different from the results indicated by these forward-looking statements. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on such statements.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our most significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 13, 2026 (the “Annual Report on Form 10-K”) Certain of these accounting policies require management to use significant judgment and estimates, which can have a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities. We consider these policies to be our critical accounting estimates. The judgment and assumptions made are based upon historical experience, future forecasts, and/or other factors that management believes to be reasonable. Because of the nature of the judgment and assumptions, actual results could differ from estimates, which could have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We consider the allowance for credit losses to be our most critical accounting policy.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The Company's allowance for credit losses is its estimate of credit losses currently expected in the loan portfolio, on unfunded lending commitments, and on its available-for-sale securities portfolio over the expected life of those assets. While these estimates are based on substantive methods for determining the required allowance, actual outcomes may differ significantly from estimated results, especially when determining required allowances for larger, complex commercial credits or unfunded lending commitments to commercial borrowers. Consumer loans, including indirect automobile loans and single family residential real estate, are smaller and generally behave in a similar manner, and loss estimates for these credits are considered more predictable. Additionally, the Company estimates the allowance for credit losses as a calculation of expected lifetime credit losses utilizing a forward-looking forecast of macroeconomic conditions, which may differ significantly from actual results. Further discussion of the methodology used in establishing the allowance is provided in Note 3 to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Comparison of Financial Condition at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025
Total Assets. Total assets decreased by $16.9 million, or 1.3%, to $1.28 billion as of March 31, 2026, due primarily to a decrease in loans receivable of $16.6 million, or 1.7%, to $936.8 million, a decrease in available for sale securities of $6.0 million, or 3.7%, and a decrease in other assets of $3.7 million, or 14.6%. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in cash and cash equivalents of $10.9 million, or 10.7%.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents increased $10.9 million, or 10.7%, to $112.9 million at March 31, 2026 from $102.0 million at December 31, 2025, primarily due to a $9.0 million, or 10.8%, increase in federal funds sold, as well as increases in deposits held at the FHLB, FRB and other interest-bearing depository accounts. The increase was primarily driven by deposit growth and proceeds from the decrease in available for sale securities.
Investment Securities Available for Sale. Available for sale securities declined $6.0 million, or 3.7%, to $156.2 million at March 31, 2026 from $162.2 million at December 31, 2025, primarily due to $6.6 million in paydowns, calls, and maturities and a $507,000 increase in unrealized losses, partially offset by $992,000 in purchases.
Net Loans. Net loans receivable decreased $16.6 million, or 1.7%, to $936.8 million at March 31, 2026, compared to $953.4 million at December 31, 2025 reflecting a strategic $17.7 million reduction in indirect automobile loans to reduce this concentration in the portfolio. At March 31, 2026, indirect automobile loans were 15.3% of total assets, compared to 16.4% at December 31, 2025. Non-accrual loans decreased by $235,000, or 6.4%, from $3.7 million at December 31, 2025 to $3.5 million at March 31, 2026.
Total Liabilities. Total liabilities decreased $18.7 million, or 1.6%, to $1.15 billion at March 31, 2026. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in FHLB advances of $20.0 million, or 79.5%, and a decrease in other liabilities of $3.3 million, or 12.0%, partially offset by a $6.2 million increase in total deposits.
Deposits. Deposits increased $6.2 million, or 0.6%, to $1.10 billion at March 31, 2026. Interest-bearing deposits increased $7.8 million, or 0.9%, while non-interest-bearing deposits decreased $1.6 million, or 0.7%. The increase in interest-bearing deposits was primarily due to increases in certificates of deposit of $6.0 million, NOW accounts of $5.6 million and savings accounts of $3.8 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in money market accounts of $7.7 million.
We participate in reciprocal deposit programs, obtained through the Certificate Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS) and IntraFi Cash Service (ICS) networks, that provide access to FDIC-insured deposit products in aggregate amounts exceeding the current limits for depositors. This allows us to maintain deposits that might otherwise be uninsured. Our reciprocal deposits obtained through the CDARS and ICS networks totaled $36.4 million and $35.6 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. We had no brokered deposits at either March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.
Mortgagors’ Escrow Accounts. Mortgagors’ escrow accounts decreased $1.5 million, or 16.1%, to $7.9 million at March 31, 2026, from $9.4 million at December 31, 2025, primarily due to the timing of property tax and insurance disbursements.
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank. FHLB advances declined $20.0 million, or 79.5%, to $5.2 million at March 31, 2026 from $25.2 million at December 31, 2025. The reduction reflects the Company’s use of excess liquidity from the maturity of securities and increased deposits to pay down borrowings.
Stockholders’ Equity. Stockholders’ equity increased $1.8 million, or 1.3%, to $138.6 million at March 31, 2026 from $136.9 million at December 31, 2025. The increase was primarily due to $2.2 million in net income, partially offset by a $400,000 increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss. The Company’s book value per share was $12.43 at March 31, 2026, compared to $12.28 at December 31, 2025. The ratio of stockholders’ equity to total assets increased to 10.79% from 10.51% over the same period. Unearned common stock held by the Bank’s employee stock ownership plan was $2.8 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
Net Income. Net income for the first quarter of 2026 was $2.2 million, compared to $2.3 million for the first quarter of 2025. Diluted earnings per share were $0.20 for the first quarter of 2026, compared to $0.21 for the same quarter of 2025. Interest and dividend income decreased $27,000, or 0.2%, while interest expense decreased $184,000, or 3.3%. The provision for credit losses decreased $282,000, or 79.9%. Non-interest income decreased $285,000, or 16.3%, and non-interest expense increased $230,000, or 2.4%. The provision for income taxes decreased $4,000 between the comparable quarters.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased $157,000, or 1.4%, to $11.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to 2025. The increase was primarily due to lower costs on interest-bearing liabilities, partially offset by lower yields on interest-earning assets due to the lower interest rate environment. The net interest margin decreased by two basis points to 3.77% and the interest rate spread improved by two basis points from 3.13% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 to 3.15% for the three months ended March 31, 2026, reflecting slightly better pricing on assets versus liabilities. The ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities declined 12 basis points to 133.88%.
Interest Income. Interest income decreased $27,000, or 0.2%, to $16.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets and the decrease in the average balance of loans, offset by an increase in the average balance of cash and cash equivalents. The average yield on interest-earning assets decreased by 12 basis points to 5.59%, while the average balance of interest-earning assets increased by $22.6 million, or 1.9%, to $1.20 billion. The average yield on loans increased 2 basis points, to 6.12%, and the average yield on available for sale securities increased 21 basis points, to 3.46%. The increase in the average balance of interest earning assets was primarily due to an increase in the average balance of interest bearing depository accounts and federal funds sold, which increased $63.2 million, or 222.4%, and was partially offset by a decrease of $42.0 million in the average balance of loans, when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2026 with the comparable period in 2025.
40
Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased $184,000, or 3.3%, to $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $5.6 million for the same quarter in 2025. The average cost of interest-bearing liabilities declined by 14 basis points, to 2.44%, reflecting lower funding costs and a favorable shift in the funding mix with an increase in deposits and a decrease in borrowings. The average balance of total interest-bearing liabilities increased $17.7 million, or 2.0%, to $899.8 million, primarily due to a $69.1 million increase in the average balance of deposits partially offset by a $20.0 million decline in the average balance of Federal Home Loan Bank advances, which decreased from $75.0 million to $23.8 million. The average cost of these advances also declined by 127 basis points, from 4.07% to 2.80% for the first quarter of 2025 and 2026, respectively.
Provision for Credit Losses. The provision for credit losses decreased by $282,000, or 79.9%, from $353,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 to $71,000 for the current quarter. The decrease in the provision was primarily due to lower loan balances. Net charge-offs increased by $38,000, from $510,000 for the first quarter of 2025 to $548,000 for the first quarter of 2026. The increase was primarily due to increased net charge-offs of $176,000 in indirect automobile loans and a $44,000 increase in consumer loans, substantially offset by decreased net charge-offs of $183,000 in commercial loans.
Non-Interest Income. Non-interest income totaled $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, a decrease of $285,000, or 16.3%, from the comparable period in 2025, due primarily to a decrease of $222,000, or 53.4%, in other non-interest income as interest rate swap income decreased. Investment advisory fee income decreased $33,000, net gain on sale of loans decreased $38,000 and service charges on deposit accounts decreased $9,000. These decreases were only slightly offset by a $10,000 increase in the cash surrender value of life insurance and a $7,000 gain on the disposal of premises and equipment.
Non-Interest Expense. For the first quarter of 2026, non-interest expense totaled $9.7 million, an increase of $230,000, or 2.4%, compared to the same period in 2025. This increase was primarily driven by higher salaries and benefits expense of $399,000, reflecting increased compensation and medical insurance costs, as well as higher occupancy costs of $152,000, due to increased repair expenses and a rise in data processing costs of $84,000. These increases were partially offset by declines in professional fees of $84,000, FDIC insurance expense of $78,000, marketing expenses of $55,000, and amortization of intangible assets of $13,000.
Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes decreased $4,000 to $635,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $639,000 for the same period in 2025. The decreased income tax provision corresponds to lower pre-tax income during the quarter compared to the first quarter of 2025. The effective tax rate was 22.27% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 as compared to 21.83% for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Average Balance Sheets for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
The following tables set forth average balance sheets, average yields and costs, and certain other information for the periods indicated. All average balances are daily average balances, the yields set forth below include the effect of deferred fees and discounts and premiums that are amortized or accreted to interest income (dollars in thousands).
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
Interest and
Dividends
Yield/Cost(3)
Interest-bearing depository accounts and federal funds sold
91,651
3.81
28,428
3.98
Loans(1)
950,001
6.12
992,023
6.14
Available-for-sale securities
160,915
1,374
3.46
157,219
1,261
3.25
Other interest-earning assets
2,053
7.51
4,349
8.39
Total interest-earning assets
1,204,620
5.59
1,182,019
5.71
Non-interest-earning assets
88,085
87,097
1,292,705
1,269,116
Liabilities and equity:
NOW accounts
122,879
72
0.24
126,085
53
0.17
Money market accounts
233,086
1,458
2.54
206,019
2.43
Savings accounts
129,399
0.41
132,949
0.38
Certificates of deposit
378,093
3,493
3.75
329,337
3,330
4.10
Total interest-bearing deposits
863,457
2.42
794,390
4,742
Escrow accounts
7,357
1.10
7,575
1.12
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
23,782
164
2.80
74,963
752
4.07
6.29
6.77
Total other interest-bearing liabilities
36,294
264
2.95
87,693
859
3.97
Total interest-bearing liabilities
899,751
2.44
882,083
2.58
Non-interest-bearing deposits
227,211
234,295
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities
27,545
28,802
1,154,507
1,145,180
138,198
123,936
Interest rate spread
3.15
3.13
Net interest margin(2)
3.77
3.79
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities
133.88
134.00
Non-accruing loans are included in the outstanding loan balance. Deferred loan fees included in interest income totaled $32,000 and $53,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Represents the difference between interest earned and interest paid, divided by average total interest earning assets.
Annualized.
Rate/Volume Analysis
The following table presents the effects of changing rates and volumes on our net interest income for the period indicated (in thousands). The rate column shows the effects attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume). The volume column shows the effects attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate). The net column represents the sum of the rate and volume columns. For purposes of this table, changes attributable to both rate and volume, which cannot be segregated, have been allocated proportionately based on the changes due to rate and the changes due to volume. The Company did not have any excludable out-of-period items or adjustments.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
Compared to Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025
Increase (Decrease)
Due to
Volume
Net
Interest income:
Interest bearing depository accounts
594
(12)
582
Loans receivable
(634)
(670)
(43)
(51)
(53)
Interest expense:
412
411
(404)
(185)
(589)
(6)
(191)
(184)
Net (decrease) increase in net interest income
(60)
217
157
Management of Market Risk
General. The majority of our assets and liabilities are monetary in nature. Consequently, our most significant form of market risk is interest rate risk. Our assets, consisting primarily of loans and securities, have longer maturities than our liabilities, consisting primarily of deposits and Federal Home Loan Bank advances. As a result, a principal part of our business strategy is to manage our exposure to changes in market interest rates. Accordingly, the Board of Directors maintains a management-level Asset/Liability Management Committee (the “ALCO”), which takes primary responsibility for reviewing the Company’s asset/liability management process and related procedures, establishing and monitoring reporting systems and ascertaining that established asset/liability strategies are being maintained. On at least a quarterly basis, the ALCO reviews and reports to the Board asset/liability management outcomes from various modeling scenarios. The ALCO also implements any changes in strategies and reviews the performance of any specific asset/liability management actions that have been implemented.
We manage our interest rate risk to minimize the exposure of our earnings and capital to changes in market interest rates. We have implemented the following strategies to manage our interest rate risk: originating loans with adjustable interest rates or with shorter terms, promoting core deposit products, and adjusting the interest rates and maturities of funding sources, as necessary. By following these strategies, we believe that we are better positioned to react to changes in market interest rates.
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Net Economic Value Simulation. We analyze the Bank’s sensitivity to changes in interest rates through a net economic value of equity (“EVE”) model. EVE represents the present value of the expected cash flows from our assets less the present value of the expected cash flows arising from our liabilities adjusted for the value of off-balance sheet contracts. The EVE ratio represents the dollar amount of our EVE divided by the present value of our total assets for a given interest rate scenario. EVE attempts to quantify our economic value using a discounted cash flow methodology while the EVE ratio reflects that value as a form of capital ratio. We estimate what our EVE would be at a specific date. We then forecast what the EVE might be at the same date throughout a series of interest rate scenarios representing immediate and permanent, parallel shifts in the yield curve. We currently calculate the EVE under scenarios where interest rates increase and decrease 100, 200, 300 and 400 basis points from current market rates.
The following table presents the estimated changes in the Bank’s EVE that would result from changes in market interest rates at March 31, 2026.
Net Economic Value as a
Net Economic Value
Percentage of Assets
Dollar
Percent
EVE
Basis Point Change in Interest Rates
Change
(Dollars in thousands)
400
215,541
12,824
6.3
17.87
13.1
300
212,480
9,763
4.8
17.36
9.9
210,628
7,911
3.9
16.95
7.3
207,785
5,068
2.5
16.46
4.2
202,717
15.80
(100)
193,836
(8,881)
(4.4)
14.87
(5.9)
(200)
181,748
(20,969)
(10.3)
13.71
(13.2)
(300)
167,144
(35,573)
(17.5)
12.38
(21.6)
152,095
(50,622)
(25.0)
11.03
(30.2)
Certain shortcomings are inherent in the methodologies used in the above interest rate risk measurements. Modeling changes require making certain assumptions that may or may not reflect the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates. The above table assumes that the composition of our interest-sensitive assets and liabilities existing at the date indicated remains constant uniformly across the yield curve regardless of the duration or repricing of specific assets and liabilities. Accordingly, although the table provides an indication of our interest rate risk exposure at a point in time, such measurements are not intended to and do not provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on our EVE and will likely differ from actual results.
Liquidity Management
We maintain liquid assets at levels we consider adequate to meet both our short-term and long-term liquidity needs. We adjust our liquidity levels to fund deposit outflows, repay our borrowings and to fund loan commitments. We also adjust liquidity as appropriate to meet asset and liability management objectives.
Our primary sources of liquidity are deposits, loan sales, amortization and prepayment of loans and mortgage-backed securities, maturities, sales and calls of investment securities and other short-term investments, earnings, funds provided from operations, as well as access to FHLB advances and other borrowings. While scheduled principal repayments on loans and mortgage-backed securities are a relatively predictable source of funds, deposit flows and loan and security sales and prepayments are greatly influenced by market interest rates, economic conditions, and rates offered by our competition. We set the interest rates on our deposits to maintain a desired level of total deposits.
44
As reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, net cash provided by operating activities was $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $4.3 million for the same period in 2025. These amounts differ from our net income because of a variety of cash receipts and disbursements that did not affect net income for the respective periods. Net cash provided by investing activities totaled $22.9 million in the first three months of 2026, an increase from $13.0 million in the prior-year period, driven primarily a decrease in net loans of $16.6 million in the first three months of 2026 versus a net increase in loans of $5.1 million in the comparable 2025 period and $6.6 million in proceeds from maturities and principal repayments of securities. Cash used in financing activities was $15.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $4.2 million for the same period in 2025, resulting primarily from changes in deposit balances and debt repayments. As a result of these activities, cash and cash equivalents increased by $10.9 million to $112.9 million as of March 31, 2026, from a beginning balance of $102.0 million.
At March 31, 2026, we had the following main sources of availability of liquid funds and borrowings:
(In thousands)
Available liquid funds:
Unencumbered securities
57,534
Availability of borrowings:
Zions Bank line of credit
Pacific Coast Bankers Bank line of credit
50,000
FHLB secured line of credit
360,558
FRB secured line of credit
142,921
Total available sources of funds
733,917
The Bank has access to a preapproved secured line of credit with the FHLB. At March 31, 2026, the Bank had pledged $523.5 million of assets to the FHLB, which resulted in a secured line of credit of $365.7 million. At March 31, 2026, the Bank had borrowed $5.2 million under this line, with remaining secured borrowing capacity of $360.6 million.
We also have commitments and obligations under our post-retirement plan and other benefit plans and our off-balance sheet financial instruments, as described in Note 7 and Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices
The financial statements and related notes of the Company have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. GAAP generally requires the measurement of financial condition and operating results in terms of historical dollars without consideration for changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of our operations. Unlike industrial companies, our assets and liabilities are primarily monetary in nature. As a result, changes in market interest rates have a greater impact on performance than the effects of inflation.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
For information regarding market risk, see “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operation - Management of Market Risk.”
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of March 31, 2026. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
There were no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2026 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are periodically involved in legal proceedings, such as employment-related claims against us, claims to enforce liens, foreclosure or condemnation proceedings on properties in which we hold security interests, claims involving the making and servicing of real property loans, and other issues incidental to our business. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we are not a party to any pending legal proceedings that we believe would have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
For a summary of risk factors relevant to the Company, see Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in the 2025 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to risk factors relevant to the Company’s operations since December 31, 2025. Additional risks not presently known to the Company, or that the Company currently deems immaterial, may also adversely affect the business, financial condition or results of operations.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
In September 2022, the Board approved a stock repurchase plan pursuant to which the Company is authorized to repurchase up to 247,506 shares of its common stock, of which 22,395 shares remained available for repurchase as of March 31, 2026. The repurchase plan has no expiration date.
In July 2025, the Board approved a stock repurchase plan pursuant to which the Company is authorized to repurchase up to 540,000 shares of its common stock, of which all shares remain available for repurchase. The repurchase plan has no expiration date. No shares were repurchased under the stock repurchase plan during the three months ended March 31, 2026.
The following table provides information regarding repurchases of the Company’s common stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2026:
Period
Total Number of Shares
Average Price Paid per share
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
January 1 - 31, 2026
11,668
11.92
579,398
February 1 - 28, 2026
5,335
15.22
567,730
March 1 - 31, 2026
562,395
17,003
12.95
There were no sales of unregistered securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2026.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
(c) Director and Section 16 Officer Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements
During the three months ended March 31, 2026, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
Item 6. Exhibits
3.1
Articles of Incorporation of Rhinebeck Bancorp, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Rhinebeck Bancorp, Inc. (File no. 333-227266), originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 10, 2018.)
3.2
Bylaws of Rhinebeck Bancorp, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Rhinebeck Bancorp, Inc. (File no. 001-38779), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 27, 2019.)
4.0
Form of Common Stock Certificate of Rhinebeck Bancorp, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Rhinebeck Bancorp, Inc. (File no. 333-227266), originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 10, 2018.)
31.1
Certification required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2
32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.0
The following materials for the period ended March 31, 2026, formatted in inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
104.0
The cover page from Rhinebeck Bancorp’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026, formatted in inline XBRL (contained in Exhibit 101.0)
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
RHINEBECK BANCORP, INC.
Date: May 14, 2026
/s/ Matthew J. Smith
Matthew J. SmithPresident and Chief Executive Officer
/s/ Kevin Nihill
Kevin NihillChief Financial Officer