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First Commonwealth Financial Corp
FCF
#4901
Rank
NZ$3.28 B
Marketcap
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States
Country
NZ$32.34
Share price
1.51%
Change (1 day)
23.79%
Change (1 year)
๐Ÿฆ Banks๐Ÿ’ณ Financial services
Categories
  1. First Commonwealth Financial Corp
  2. Quarterly Reports (10-Q)
  3. Submitted on 2026-05-11

First Commonwealth Financial Corp - 10-Q quarterly report FY


Text size:
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
 
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026
Or
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from             to            
Commission File Number 001-11138
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Pennsylvania25-1428528
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
601 Philadelphia Street
IndianaPA15701
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
724-349-7220
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.00 par valueFCFNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer  x    Accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company  ☐
Non-accelerated filer  ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No x
The number of shares outstanding of issuer’s common stock, $1.00 par value, as of May 8, 2026, was 101,684,455.



FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
 
  PAGE
PART I.
ITEM 1.
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited)
3
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
5
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
7
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
8
ITEM 2.
52
ITEM 3.
72
ITEM 4.
72
PART II.
ITEM 1.
73
ITEM 1A.
73
ITEM 2.
73
ITEM 3.
73
ITEM 4.
73
ITEM 5.
73
ITEM 6.
74
75

2



ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Unaudited)
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 (dollars in thousands, except share data)
Assets
Cash and due from banks$118,134 $103,280 
Interest-bearing bank deposits224,806 77,082 
Securities available for sale, at fair value1,042,399 1,014,194 
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (Fair value of $526,592 and $470,665 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively)
577,286 519,422 
Other investments28,946 38,295 
Loans held for sale (Includes fair value of $30,489 and $46,071 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively)
31,638 271,452 
Loans and leases:
Portfolio loans and leases9,433,825 9,508,039 
Allowance for credit losses(129,183)(125,768)
Net loans and leases9,304,642 9,382,271 
Premises and equipment, net113,815 114,283 
Other real estate owned221 990 
Goodwill378,214 378,214 
Amortizing intangibles, net21,019 22,015 
Bank owned life insurance234,917 233,154 
Other assets186,535 188,384 
Total assets$12,262,572 $12,343,036 
Liabilities
Deposits (all domestic):
Noninterest-bearing$2,370,132 $2,372,771 
Interest-bearing8,039,761 7,878,198 
Total deposits10,409,893 10,250,969 
Short-term borrowings22,858 147,966 
Subordinated debentures128,507 128,466 
Other long-term debt— 129,555 
Capital lease obligation3,562 3,721 
Total long-term debt132,069 261,742 
Other liabilities145,055 127,983 
Total liabilities10,709,875 10,788,660 
Shareholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $1 par value per share, 3,000,000 shares authorized, none issued
— — 
Common stock, $1 par value per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 126,599,991 and 126,599,991 shares issued at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and 101,679,621 and 102,840,771 shares outstanding at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively
126,600 126,600 
Additional paid-in capital676,352 675,745 
Retained earnings1,091,594 1,067,895 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net(68,003)(64,600)
Treasury stock (24,920,370 and 23,759,220 shares at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively)
(273,846)(251,264)
Total shareholders’ equity1,552,697 1,554,376 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$12,262,572 $12,343,036 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
3


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20262025
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Interest Income
Interest and fees on loans and leases$141,901 $132,134 
Interest and dividends on investments:
Taxable interest12,651 13,468 
Interest exempt from federal income taxes86 95 
Dividends613 537 
Interest on bank deposits1,967 894 
Total interest income157,218 147,128 
Interest Expense
Interest on deposits45,451 48,004 
Interest on short-term borrowings169 360 
Interest on subordinated debentures1,790 1,838 
Interest on other long-term debt798 1,362 
Interest on lease obligations36 42 
Total interest expense48,244 51,606 
Net Interest Income108,974 95,522 
Provision for credit losses10,733 5,736 
Net Interest Income after Provision for Credit Losses98,241 89,786 
Noninterest Income
Net securities (losses) gains229 (5,142)
Gain on sale of VISA— 5,146 
Trust income3,408 3,022 
Service charges on deposit accounts5,530 5,438 
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions3,267 3,170 
Income from bank owned life insurance1,796 1,502 
Gain on sale of mortgage loans2,215 1,387 
Gain on sale of other loans and assets2,182 1,388 
Card-related interchange income3,661 3,654 
Derivatives mark to market(6)(153)
Swap fee income122 835 
Other income2,183 2,255 
Total noninterest income24,587 22,502 
Noninterest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits42,874 40,415 
Net occupancy5,565 5,729 
Furniture and equipment4,823 4,193 
Data processing4,183 3,817 
Advertising and promotion1,671 1,372 
Pennsylvania shares tax1,330 1,337 
Intangible amortization1,364 1,131 
Other professional fees and services1,106 1,620 
FDIC insurance1,589 1,379 
Loss on sale or write-down of assets567 215 
Litigation and operational losses857 793 
Merger and acquisition related117 109 
Other operating9,549 9,140 
Total noninterest expense75,595 71,250 
Income Before Income Taxes47,233 41,038 
Income tax provision9,685 8,342 
Net Income$37,548 $32,696 
Average Shares Outstanding102,117,835 101,566,089 
Average Shares Outstanding Assuming Dilution102,394,488 101,859,825 
Per Share Data: Basic Earnings per Share
$0.37 $0.32 
 Diluted Earnings per Share$0.37 $0.32 
Cash Dividends Declared per Common Share$0.135 $0.130 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
4


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
 
For the Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20262025
 (dollars in thousands)
Net Income$37,548 $32,696 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, before tax benefit (expense):
Unrealized holding (losses) gains on securities arising during the period(5,245)17,093 
Reclassification adjustment for gains on securities included in net income(229)5,142 
Unrealized holding gains on derivatives arising during the period1,167 4,777 
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, before tax benefit (expense)(4,307)27,012 
Income tax benefit (expense) related to items of other comprehensive (loss) income904 (5,672)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income(3,403)21,340 
Comprehensive Income$34,145 $54,036 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
5


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
Shares
Outstanding		Common
Stock		Additional
Paid-in-
Capital		Retained
Earnings		Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
net		Treasury
Stock		Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 (dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Balance at December 31, 2025102,840,771 $126,600 $675,745 $1,067,895 $(64,600)$(251,264)$1,554,376 
Net income37,548 37,548 
Other comprehensive loss(3,403)(3,403)
Cash dividends declared ($0.135 per share)
(13,849)(13,849)
Treasury stock acquired(1,404,269)(24,813)(24,813)
Treasury stock reissued198,300 264 — 2,084 2,348 
Restricted stock44,819 — 343 — 147 490 
Balance at March 31, 2026101,679,621 $126,600 $676,352 $1,091,594 $(68,003)$(273,846)$1,552,697 
 Shares
Outstanding		Common
Stock		Additional
Paid-in-
Capital		Retained
Earnings		Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
net		Treasury
Stock		Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 (dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Balance at December 31, 2024101,758,450 $123,603 $631,367 $971,082 $(102,514)$(218,373)$1,405,165 
Net income32,696 32,696 
Other comprehensive income21,340 21,340 
Cash dividends declared ($0.130 per share)
(13,238)(13,238)
Treasury stock acquired(109,192)(1,807)(1,807)
Treasury stock reissued155,946 802 — 1,537 2,339 
Restricted stock122,015 — 788 — (232)556 
Balance at March 31, 2025101,927,219 $123,603 $632,957 $990,540 $(81,174)$(218,875)$1,447,051 




The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
6


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20262025
Operating Activities(dollars in thousands)
Net income$37,548 $32,696 
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses10,733 5,736 
Deferred tax expense3,734 1,753 
Depreciation and amortization2,066 2,153 
Net gains on securities and other assets(4,367)(2,379)
Net (accretion) amortization of premiums and discounts on securities(19)43 
Income from increase in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance(1,796)(1,502)
Decrease (increase) in interest receivable157 (1,023)
Mortgage loans originated for sale(68,543)(51,227)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans83,899 63,307 
(Decrease) increase in interest payable(694)172 
Increase in income taxes payable5,751 6,354 
Other, net18,357 (197)
Net cash provided by operating activities86,826 55,886 
Investing Activities
Transactions with securities held to maturity:
Proceeds from maturities and redemptions21,528 14,333 
Purchases(79,505)(127,860)
Transactions with securities available for sale:
Proceeds from sales— 48,519 
Proceeds from maturities and redemptions78,422 48,846 
Purchases(111,741)(86,412)
Proceeds from sale of equity securities— 5,146 
Purchases of FHLB stock(4,826)(11,643)
Proceeds from the redemption of FHLB stock14,175 10,014 
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance33 289 
Proceeds from sale of loans226,987 17,331 
Proceeds from sale of other assets 2,988 1,134 
Net decrease (increase) in loans and leases67,106 (128,232)
Purchases of premises and equipment and other assets(4,362)(5,026)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities210,805 (213,561)
Financing Activities
Net decrease in other short-term borrowings(125,108)(2,624)
Net increase in deposits158,941 183,639 
Repayments of other long-term debt(129,554)(197)
Long-term debt prepayment penalty(511)— 
Repayments of capital lease obligation(159)(149)
Dividends paid(13,849)(13,238)
Purchase of treasury stock(24,813)(1,807)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(135,053)165,624 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents162,578 7,949 
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1180,362 133,409 
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31$342,940 $141,358 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
7

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 Basis of Presentation
The accounting and reporting policies of First Commonwealth Financial Corporation and subsidiaries (“First Commonwealth” or the “Company”) conform with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual realized amounts could differ from those estimates. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of First Commonwealth’s financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in shareholders’ equity as of and for the periods presented. Certain information and Note disclosures normally included in Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, federal funds sold and interest-bearing bank deposits. Generally, federal funds are sold for one-day periods.
The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year of 2026. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with First Commonwealth’s 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Note 2 Acquisition
On April 30, 2025, the Company completed its acquisition of CenterGroup Financial, Inc. (“Center”) and its banking subsidiary, CenterBank, for consideration of 3,016,009 shares of the Company's common stock. Through the acquisition, the Company obtained three full-service banking offices, a loan production office and a mortgage office, all located in the Cincinnati, Ohio market.
8
ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The table below summarizes the net assets acquired (at fair value) and consideration transferred in connection with the Center acquisition (dollars in thousands):
Consideration paid
Cash paid to shareholders - fractional shares$1 
     Shares issued to shareholders (3,016,009 shares)
46,205 
            Total consideration paid$46,206 
Fair value of assets acquired
    Cash and due from banks4,672 
    Investment securities21,396 
    FHLB stock3,144 
    Loans, including loans held for sale291,852 
    Premises and equipment4,276 
    Core deposit intangible5,355 
    Bank owned life insurance430 
    Other assets5,039 
             Total assets acquired336,164 
Fair value of liabilities assumed
    Deposits277,980 
    Borrowings22,785 
    Other liabilities3,692 
             Total liabilities assumed304,457 
Total fair value of identifiable net assets$31,707 
Goodwill$14,499 
The Company determined that this acquisition constitutes a business combination and therefore was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly, as of the date of the acquisition, the Company recorded the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and consideration paid at fair value. The $14.5 million excess of the consideration paid over the fair value of assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is not amortizable or deductible for tax purposes. The amount of goodwill arising from the acquisition consists largely of the synergies and economies of scale expected from combining the operations of the Company with Center.
The fair value of the 3,016,009 common shares issued was determined based on the $15.32 closing market price of the Company's common shares on the acquisition date, April 30, 2025.
The valuation of acquired assets and liabilities was completed in the third quarter of 2025. The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used to estimate the fair values of major categories of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company used an independent valuation specialist to assist with the determination of fair values for certain acquired assets and assumed liabilities.
Cash and due from banks - The estimated fair value was determined to approximate the carrying amount of these assets.
Investment securities - The estimated fair value of the investment portfolio was based on quoted market prices.
Loans - The estimated fair value of loans was based on a discounted cash flow methodology applied on a pooled basis for non- purchased credit-deteriorated ("non-PCD") loans and on an individual basis for purchased credit-deteriorated ("PCD") loans. The valuation considered underlying characteristics including loan type, term, rate, payment schedule and credit rating. Other factors included assumptions related to prepayments, the probability of default and loss given default. The discount rates applied were based on a build-up approach considering the funding mix, servicing costs, liquidity premium and factors related to performance risk.
9

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Acquired loans are classified into two categories: PCD loans and non-PCD loans. PCD loans are defined as a loan or group of loans that have experienced more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination. Non-PCD loans will have an allowance established on acquisition date, which is recognized as an expense through provision for credit losses. For PCD loans, an allowance is recognized on day 1 by adding it to the fair value of the loan, which is the “Day 1 amortized cost”. There is no provision for credit loss expense recognized on PCD loans because the initial allowance is established by grossing-up the amortized cost of the PCD loan.
A day 1 allowance for credit losses of $3.4 million related to non-PCD loans and $0.4 million related to the off-balance sheet commitment liability was recorded through the provision for credit losses within the Consolidated Statements of Income. At the date of acquisition, of the $303.7 million of portfolio loans acquired from Center, $29.2 million, or 9.6%, of Center's loan portfolio, was accounted for as PCD loans as of May 1, 2025.
Premise and equipment - The estimated fair value of land and buildings were determined by independent market-based appraisals.
Core deposit intangible - The core deposit intangible was valued utilizing the cost savings method approach, which recognizes the cost savings represented by the expense of maintaining the core deposit base versus the cost of an alternative funding source. The valuation incorporates assumptions related to account retention, discount rates, deposit interest rates, deposit maintenance costs and alternative funding rates.
Time deposits - The estimated fair value of time deposits was determined using a discounted cash flow approach incorporating a discount rate equal to current market interest rates offered on time deposits with similar terms and maturities.
Borrowings - The estimated fair value of short-term borrowings was determined to approximate stated value. Long-term debt with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati was valued using the prepayment penalty for payoff on April 30, 2025.
The following table provides details related to the fair value of acquired PCD loans as of April 30, 2025.
Unpaid Principal BalancePCD Allowance for Credit Loss at Acquisition(Discount) Premium on Acquired LoansFair Value of PCD Loans at Acquisition
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$13,302 $(1,616)$(487)$11,199 
Time and demand13,302 (1,616)(487)11,199 
Real estate construction2,442 (810)(54)1,578 
Construction other557 (182)(17)358 
Construction residential1,885 (628)(37)1,220 
Residential real estate3,845 (45)(138)3,662 
Residential first lien3,372 (38)(137)3,197 
Residential junior lien/home equity473 (7)(1)465 
Commercial real estate9,604 (1,087)(330)8,187 
Multifamily1,210 (120)(78)1,012 
Non-owner occupied5,330 (943)(184)4,203 
Owner occupied3,064 (24)(68)2,972 
Loans to individuals30 (2)— 28 
Automobile and recreational vehicles14 (1)— 13 
Consumer other16 (1)— 15 
Total loans and leases$29,223 $(3,560)$(1,009)$24,654 
10

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table provides details related to the fair value and Day 1 provision related to the acquired non-PCD loans as of April 30, 2025.
Unpaid Principal Balance(Discount) Premium on Acquired LoansFair Value of Non-PCD Loans at AcquisitionDay 1 Provision for Credit Losses - Non-PCD Loans
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$50,555 $(2,137)$48,418 $630 
Time and demand50,535 (2,137)48,398 630 
Time and demand other20 — 20 — 
Real estate construction32,074 (941)31,133 691 
Construction other18,829 (472)18,357 445 
Construction residential13,245 (469)12,776 246 
Residential real estate82,609 (3,396)79,213 665 
Residential first lien67,906 (3,145)64,761 556 
Residential junior lien/home equity14,703 (251)14,452 109 
Commercial real estate108,843 (3,550)105,293 1,389 
Multifamily17,405 (481)16,924 180 
Non-owner occupied43,927 (1,763)42,164 512 
Owner occupied47,511 (1,306)46,205 697 
Loans to individuals357 (10)347 4 
Automobile and recreational vehicles337 (9)328 4 
Consumer other20 (1)19 — 
Total loans and leases$274,438 $(10,034)$264,404 $3,379 
Total costs related to the acquisition equaled $4.5 million, of which $0.1 million was recognized in both the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. These amounts were expensed as incurred and are recorded as a merger and acquisition related expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
As a result of the full integration of the operations of Center, it is not practicable to determine revenue or net income included in the Company's operating results relating to Center since the date of acquisition as Center's results cannot be separately identified.

11

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 3 Supplemental Comprehensive Income Disclosures
The following table identifies the related tax effects allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Reclassification adjustments related to securities available for sale are included in the "Net securities (losses) gains" line in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income.
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20262025
Pretax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitNet of Tax AmountPretax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitNet of Tax Amount
(dollars in thousands)
Unrealized (losses) gains on securities:
Unrealized holding (losses) gains on securities arising during the period$(5,245)$1,107 $(4,138)$17,093 $(3,589)$13,504 
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses on securities included in net income(229)48 (181)5,142 (1,080)4,062 
Total unrealized (losses) gains on securities(5,474)1,155 (4,319)22,235 (4,669)17,566 
Unrealized gains on derivatives:
Unrealized holding gains on derivatives arising during the period1,167 (251)916 4,777 (1,003)3,774 
Total unrealized gains on derivatives1,167 (251)916 4,777 (1,003)3,774 
Total other comprehensive (loss) income$(4,307)$904 $(3,403)$27,012 $(5,672)$21,340 

The following table details the change in components of OCI for the three months ended March 31:

20262025
 Securities Available for SalePost-Retirement ObligationDerivativesAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Securities Available for SalePost-Retirement ObligationDerivativesAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31$(64,381)$381 $(600)$(64,600)$(94,403)$339 $(8,450)$(102,514)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassification adjustment(4,138)— 916 (3,222)13,504 — 3,774 17,278 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income(181)— — (181)4,062 — — 4,062 
Net other comprehensive (loss) income during the period(4,319)— 916 (3,403)17,566 — 3,774 21,340 
Balance at March 31$(68,700)$381 $316 $(68,003)$(76,837)$339 $(4,676)$(81,174)

12

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4 Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
The following table presents information related to cash paid during the period for interest and income taxes, as well as detail on non-cash investing and financing activities for the three months ended March 31:
20262025
(dollars in thousands)
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest$48,907 $51,385 
Income taxes28 36 
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Loans transferred to other real estate owned and repossessed assets1,685 1,256 
Loans transferred from held to maturity to held for sale6,933 17,859 
Loans transferred from held for sale to held to maturity25,170 (1,584)
Gross (decrease) increase in market value adjustment to securities available for sale(5,474)22,235 
Gross increase in market value adjustment to derivatives1,167 4,777 
Noncash treasury stock reissuance2,348 2,339 
Proceeds from death benefit on bank owned life insurance not received— 483 
Note 5 Earnings per Share
The following table summarizes the composition of the weighted-average common shares (denominator) used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computations:
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20262025
Weighted average common shares issued126,599,991 123,603,380 
Average treasury stock shares(24,240,949)(21,746,089)
Average deferred compensation shares(56,707)(56,543)
Average unearned non-vested shares(184,500)(234,659)
Weighted average common shares and common stock equivalents used to calculate basic earnings per share
102,117,835 101,566,089 
Additional common stock equivalents (non-vested stock) used to calculate diluted earnings per share219,909 237,155 
Additional common stock equivalents (deferred compensation) used to calculate diluted earnings per share
56,744 56,581 
Weighted average common shares and common stock equivalents used to calculate diluted earnings per share
102,394,488 101,859,825 
Per Share Data:
Basic Earnings per Share$0.37 $0.32 
Diluted Earnings per Share$0.37 $0.32 
The following table shows the number of shares and the price per share related to common stock equivalents that were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, because to do so would have been antidilutive.
20262025
Price RangePrice Range
SharesFromToSharesFromTo
Restricted Stock81,914 $16.31 $18.62 94,016 $14.36 $18.62 
Restricted Stock Units— $— $— 39,950 $18.14 $18.14 

13

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 6 Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
Commitments and Letters of Credit
Standby letters of credit and commercial letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by First Commonwealth to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The contract or notional amount of these instruments reflects the maximum amount of future payments that First Commonwealth could be required to pay under the guarantees if there were a total default by the guaranteed parties, without consideration of possible recoveries under recourse provisions or from collateral held or pledged. In addition, many of these commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon; therefore, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.
The following table identifies the notional amount of those instruments at the date shown below:
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 (dollars in thousands)
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
Commitments to extend credit$2,389,860 $2,425,873 
Financial standby letters of credit14,227 14,371 
Performance standby letters of credit15,058 16,620 
Commercial letters of credit569 569 
 
The notional amounts outstanding as of March 31, 2026 include amounts issued in 2026 of $0.5 million in performance standby letters of credit. There were no financial standby letters of credit or commercial letters of credit issued in 2026. A liability of $0.3 million has been recorded as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, which represents the estimated fair value of letters of credit issued. The fair value of letters of credit is estimated based on the unrecognized portion of fees received at the time the commitment was issued.
Unused commitments and letters of credit provide exposure to future credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the borrower or guaranteed parties. Management’s evaluation of the credit risk related to these commitments resulted in the recording of a liability of $7.3 million and $8.2 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. This liability is reflected in "Other liabilities" in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The credit risk evaluation incorporates the expected loss percentage calculated for comparable loan categories as part of the allowance for credit losses for loans as well as estimated utilization for each loan category.
Legal Proceedings
First Commonwealth and its subsidiaries are subject in the normal course of business to various pending and threatened legal proceedings in which claims for monetary damages are asserted. As of March 31, 2026, management, after consultation with legal counsel, does not anticipate that the aggregate ultimate liability arising out of litigation pending or threatened against First Commonwealth or its subsidiaries will be material to First Commonwealth’s consolidated financial position. On at least a quarterly basis, First Commonwealth assesses its liabilities and contingencies in connection with such legal proceedings. For those matters where it is probable that First Commonwealth will incur losses and the amounts of the losses can be reasonably estimated, First Commonwealth records an expense and corresponding liability in its consolidated financial statements. To the extent the pending or threatened litigation could result in exposure in excess of that liability, the amount of such excess is not currently estimable. Although not considered probable, the range of reasonably possible losses for such matters in the aggregate, beyond the existing recorded liability (if any), is between $0 and $1 million. Although First Commonwealth does not believe that the outcome of pending litigation will be material to First Commonwealth’s consolidated financial position, it cannot rule out the possibility that such outcomes will be material to the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for a particular reporting period in the future.

14

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 7 Investment Securities
Securities Available for Sale
Below is an analysis of the amortized cost and estimated fair values of securities available for sale at:
 March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value		Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$2,543 $20 $(152)$2,411 $2,638 $23 $(165)$2,496 
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Commercial709,359 1,647 (45,665)665,341 701,572 3,788 (43,671)661,689 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential367,198 679 (42,712)325,165 336,493 1,087 (42,057)295,523 
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises1,000 — (9)991 1,000 — (16)984 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions7,560 — (623)6,937 7,560 1 (590)6,971 
Corporate Securities42,250 534 (1,230)41,554 46,969 782 (1,220)46,531 
Total Debt Securities Available for Sale$1,129,910 $2,880 $(90,391)$1,042,399 $1,096,232 $5,681 $(87,719)$1,014,194 
Mortgage-backed securities include mortgage-backed obligations of U.S. Government agencies and obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises. These obligations have contractual maturities ranging from less than one year to approximately 41 years, with lower anticipated lives to maturity due to prepayments. All mortgage-backed securities contain a certain amount of risk related to the uncertainty of prepayments of the underlying mortgages. Interest rate changes have a direct impact upon prepayment speeds; therefore, First Commonwealth uses computer simulation models to test the average life and yield volatility of all mortgage-backed securities under various interest rate scenarios to monitor the potential impact on earnings and interest rate risk positions.
Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Other fixed income securities within the portfolio also contain prepayment risk.
15

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities available for sale at March 31, 2026, by contractual maturity, are shown below.
Amortized
Cost		Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Due within 1 year$1,000 $991 
Due after 1 but within 5 years30,298 29,805 
Due after 5 but within 10 years19,512 18,686 
Due after 10 years— — 
50,810 49,482 
Mortgage-Backed Securities (a)1,079,100 992,917 
Total Debt Securities$1,129,910 $1,042,399 
(a)  Mortgage-backed and collateralized mortgage securities, which have prepayment provisions, are not assigned to maturity categories due to fluctuations in their prepayment speeds. Mortgage-Backed Securities include an amortized cost of $711.9 million and a fair value of $667.8 million for Obligations of U.S. Government agencies issued by Ginnie Mae and an amortized cost of $367.2 million and a fair value of $325.2 million for Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

 
Proceeds from sales, gross gains (losses) realized on sales, calls and maturities related to securities held to maturity and securities available for sale were as follows for the three months ended March 31:
20262025
 (dollars in thousands)
Proceeds from sales$— $48,519 
Gross gains (losses) realized:
Sales transactions:
Gross gains$— $— 
Gross losses— (5,142)
— (5,142)
Maturities
Gross gains229 — 
Gross losses— — 
229 — 
Net gains (losses)$229 $(5,142)
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, gains from maturities in the above table are related to the call of one corporate
security.
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, proceeds from sales included in the above table are a result of management selling $53.7 million in available for sale investment securities yielding 2.61% and reinvesting the proceeds into securities yielding 5.41%.
Securities available for sale with an estimated fair value of $598.4 million and $624.0 million were pledged as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, to secure public deposits and for other purposes required or permitted by law.
Equity Securities
During the second quarter of 2024, Visa commenced an exchange offer for any and all outstanding shares of its Class B-1 common stock for a combination of Visa's Class B-2 common stock, Class C common stock and, where applicable cash in lieu of fractional shares. As part of this exchange, each share of Class B-1 common stock would be exchanged for one half share of the newly issued Class B-2 common stock and Class C common stock would be issued in an amount equivalent to one half of a share of Class B-1 common stock. The Company opted to participate in this exchange offer prior to its expiration and received 13,340 Class B-2 shares and 5,294 Class C shares. In 2024, the Class C shares were sold at fair value resulting in a gain of $5.7
16

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
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NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

million. During the first quarter of 2025, the Class B-2 shares, which were carried with a zero basis, were sold, resulting in a $5.1 million gain.
Securities Held to Maturity
Below is an analysis of the amortized cost and fair values of debt securities held to maturity at:
 March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value		Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$1,324 $— $(149)$1,175 $1,379 $— $(144)$1,235 
Mortgage-Backed Securities- Commercial155,846 311 (12,938)143,219 163,625 606 (12,320)151,911 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential373,294 161 (33,955)339,500 307,676 485 (33,395)274,766 
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises23,283 — (2,807)20,476 23,199 — (2,735)20,464 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions22,739 — (1,314)21,425 22,743 — (1,250)21,493 
Debt Securities Issued by Foreign Governments800 — (3)797 800 — (4)796 
Total Securities Held to Maturity$577,286 $472 $(51,166)$526,592 $519,422 $1,091 $(49,848)$470,665 
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities held to maturity at March 31, 2026, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Amortized
Cost		Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Due within 1 year$2,005 $1,996 
Due after 1 but within 5 years17,735 16,883 
Due after 5 but within 10 years26,518 23,365 
Due after 10 years564 454 
46,822 42,698 
Mortgage-Backed Securities (a)530,464 483,894 
Total Debt Securities$577,286 $526,592 
(a)Mortgage-backed and collateralized mortgage securities, which have prepayment provisions, are not assigned to maturity categories due to fluctuations in their prepayment speeds. Mortgage-Backed Securities include an amortized cost of $157.2 million and a fair value of $144.4 million for Obligations of U.S. Government agencies issued by Ginnie Mae and an amortized cost of $373.3 million and a fair value of $339.5 million for Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
Securities held to maturity with an amortized cost of $383.9 million and $349.2 million were pledged as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, to secure public deposits and for other purposes required or permitted by law.
Other Investments
As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB"), First Commonwealth is required to purchase and hold stock in the FHLB to satisfy membership and borrowing requirements. The level of stock required to be held is dependent on the amount of
17

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
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NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

First Commonwealth's mortgage-related assets and outstanding borrowings with the FHLB. This stock is restricted in that it can only be sold to the FHLB or to another member institution, and all sales of FHLB stock must be at par. As a result of these restrictions, FHLB stock is unlike other investment securities insofar as there is no trading market for FHLB stock and the transfer price is determined by FHLB membership rules and not by market participants. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, our FHLB stock totaled $23.2 million and $32.6 million, respectively, and is included in “Other investments” on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
FHLB stock is held as a long-term investment and its value is determined based on the ultimate recoverability of the par value. First Commonwealth evaluates impairment quarterly and has concluded that the par value of its investment in FHLB stock will be recovered. Accordingly, no impairment charge was recorded on these securities during the three months ended March 31, 2026.
At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, "Other investments" also includes $5.7 million in equity securities. These securities do not have a readily determinable fair value and are carried at cost. During the three-months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were no gains or losses recognized through earnings on these equity securities. On a quarterly basis, management evaluates equity securities by reviewing the severity and duration of any decline in estimated fair value, research reports, analysts’ recommendations, credit rating changes, news stories, annual reports, regulatory filings, the impact of interest rate changes and other relevant information.
Impairment of Investment Securities
We review our investment portfolio on a quarterly basis for indications of impairment. For available for sale securities, the review includes analyzing the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including any specific events which may influence the operations of the issuer and whether we are more likely than not to sell the security. We evaluate whether we are more likely than not to sell debt securities based upon our investment strategy for the particular type of security and our cash flow needs, liquidity position, capital adequacy, tax position and interest rate risk position. Held-to-maturity securities are evaluated for impairment on a quarterly basis using historical probability of default and loss given default information specific to the investment category. If this evaluation determines that credit losses exist, an allowance for credit loss is recorded and included in earnings as a component of credit loss expense.
First Commonwealth utilizes the specific identification method to determine the net gain or loss on debt securities and the average cost method to determine the net gain or loss on equity securities.
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair values at March 31, 2026, for available for sale securities for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded and held to maturity securities by investment category and time frame for which securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
 
 Less Than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
 Estimated
Fair Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$— $— $2,720 $(301)$2,720 $(301)
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Commercial227,955 (1,751)244,929 (56,852)472,884 (58,603)
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential75,998 (896)425,533 (75,771)501,531 (76,667)
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises— — 21,467 (2,816)21,467 (2,816)
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions2,738 (11)24,624 (1,926)27,362 (1,937)
Debt Securities Issued by Foreign Governments— — 597 (3)597 (3)
Corporate Securities— — 22,590 (1,230)22,590 (1,230)
Total Securities$306,691 $(2,658)$742,460 $(138,899)$1,049,151 $(141,557)
    
At March 31, 2026, fixed income securities issued by the U.S. Government and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises comprised 95% of the estimated fair value for the total portfolio and 98% of total unrealized losses. All unrealized losses are the
18

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

result of changes in market interest rates. At March 31, 2026, there are 231 debt securities in the portfolio, with 154 debt securities in an unrealized loss position.
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair values at December 31, 2025 by investment category and the time frame for which securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
 Less Than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
 Estimated
Fair Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$— $— $2,789 $(309)$2,789 $(309)
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Commercial77,195 (509)270,142 (55,482)347,337 (55,991)
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential19,924 (95)438,740 (75,357)458,664 (75,452)
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises— — 21,448 (2,751)21,448 (2,751)
Obligation of States and Political Subdivisions— — 26,563 (1,840)26,563 (1,840)
Debt Securities Issued by Foreign Governments— — 596 (4)596 (4)
Corporate Securities5,492 (3)22,845 (1,217)28,337 (1,220)
Total Securities$102,611 $(607)$783,123 $(136,960)$885,734 $(137,567)
As of March 31, 2026, our corporate securities had an amortized cost and an estimated fair value of $42.3 million and $41.6 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, our corporate securities had an amortized cost and estimated fair value of $47.0 million and $46.5 million, respectively. Corporate securities are comprised of debt issued by large regional banks. There were five corporate securities out of a total of 11 that were in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2026 and seven corporate securities out of a total of 12 that were in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2025. When unrealized losses exist, management reviews each of the issuer’s asset quality, earnings trends and capital position to determine whether the unrealized loss position is a result of credit losses. All interest payments on the corporate securities are being made as contractually required.
There was no expected credit related impairment recognized on investment securities during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
19

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 8 Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans and leases are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition net of deferred fees and costs, and discounts related to purchased loans. Net deferred fees were $22.7 million and $21.2 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and discounts on purchased loans from acquisitions were $19.1 million and $20.2 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The following table provides outstanding balances related to each of our loan types:
 
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$2,061,894 $2,044,989 
Time and demand1,196,447 1,226,054 
Commercial credit cards11,919 11,408 
Equipment finance746,723 693,265 
Time and demand other106,805 114,262 
Real estate construction436,237 462,786 
Construction other404,394 415,536 
Construction residential31,843 47,250 
Residential real estate2,351,601 2,360,285 
Residential first lien1,613,180 1,631,019 
Residential junior lien/home equity738,421 729,266 
Commercial real estate3,148,767 3,182,109 
Multifamily606,179 594,790 
Non-owner occupied1,776,985 1,834,016 
Owner occupied765,603 753,303 
Loans to individuals1,435,326 1,457,870 
Automobile and recreational vehicles1,367,360 1,387,195 
Consumer credit cards8,886 9,496 
Consumer other59,080 61,179 
Total loans and leases$9,433,825 $9,508,039 
First Commonwealth’s loan portfolio includes five primary loan categories. When calculating the allowance for credit losses these categories are classified into fourteen portfolio segments. The composition of loans by portfolio segment includes:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other
Time & Demand - Consists primarily of commercial and industrial loans. This category consists of loans that are typically cash flow dependent and therefore have different risk and loss characteristics than other commercial loans. Loans in this category include revolving and term structures with fixed and variable interest rates. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of business bankruptcies and economic conditions measured by GDP.
Commercial Credit Cards - Consists of unsecured credit cards for commercial customers. These commercial credit cards have separate characteristics outside of normal commercial non-real estate loans, as they tend to have shorter overall duration. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of business bankruptcies and economic conditions measured by GDP.
Equipment Finance - Consists of loans and leases to finance the purchase of equipment for commercial customers. The risk and loss characteristics are unique for this group due to the type of collateral. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of business bankruptcies and economic conditions measured by GDP.
Time & Demand Other - Consists primarily of loans to state and political subdivisions and other commercial loans that have different characteristics than loans in the Time and Demand category. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of household obligations ratio and economic conditions measured by GDP.
20

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Real estate construction
Construction Other - Consists of construction loans to commercial builders and developers and are secured by the properties under development.
Construction Residential - Consists of loans to finance the construction of residential properties during the construction period. Borrowers are typically individuals who will occupy the completed single family property.
The risk and loss characteristics of these two construction categories are different than other real estate secured categories due to the collateral being at various stages of completion. The nature of the project and type of borrower of the two construction categories provides for unique risk and loss characteristics for each category. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for construction loans include forecasts of national unemployment and measures of completed construction projects.
Residential real estate
Residential first lien - Consists of loans with collateral of 1-4 family residencies with a senior lien position. The risk and loss characteristics are unique for this group because the collateral for these loans are the borrower’s primary residence. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and residential property values.
Residential Junior Lien/Home Equity - Consists of loans with collateral of 1-4 family residencies with an open end line of credit or junior lien position. The junior lien position for the majority of these loans provides a higher risk of loss than other residential real estate loans. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and residential property values.
Commercial real estate
Multifamily - Consists of loans secured by commercial multifamily properties. Real estate related to rentals to consumers provide unique risk and loss characteristics. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of completed multifamily construction projects and national unemployment.
Non-owner Occupied - Consists of loans secured by non-owner occupied commercial real estate and provides different loss characteristics than other real estate categories. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and changes in the price of commercial real estate.
Owner Occupied - Consists of loans secured by commercial real estate owner occupied properties. The risk and loss characteristics of this category were considered different than other real estate categories because it is owner occupied and would impact the ability to conduct business. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions as measured by GDP.
Loans to individuals
Automobile and Recreational Vehicles - Consists of both direct and indirect loans with automobiles and recreational vehicles held as collateral. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of automobile retention value and business bankruptcies, which are better correlated with defaults in this category at this point in the economic cycle.
Consumer Credit Cards – Consists of unsecured consumer credit cards. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer sentiment and median family income.
Other Consumer - Consists of lines of credit, student loans and other consumer loans, not secured by real estate or autos. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer confidence and retail sales.
Calculation of the Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses is calculated by pooling loans with similar credit risk characteristics and applying a discounted cash flow methodology after incorporating probability of default and loss given default estimates. Probability of default represents an estimate of the likelihood of default, and loss given default measures the expected loss upon default. Inputs impacting the expected losses include a forecast of macroeconomic factors, using a weighted forecast from a nationally recognized firm. Our model incorporates a one-year forecast of macroeconomic factors, after which the factors revert back to
21

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

the historical mean over a one-year period. The most significant macroeconomic factor used in estimating credit losses is the national unemployment rate. The forecasted value for national unemployment at the beginning of the forecast period was 4.51%, and during the one-year forecast period it was projected to average 5.12%, with a peak of 5.37%.
Credit Quality Information
As part of the on-going monitoring of credit quality within the loan portfolio, the following credit worthiness categories are used in grading our loans:
Pass  Acceptable levels of risk exist in the relationship. Includes all loans not classified as OAEM, substandard or doubtful.
Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM)Potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. The potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects or weaken the Company’s credit position at some future date. The credit risk may be relatively minor, yet constitute an undesirable risk in light of the circumstances surrounding the specific credit. No loss of principal or interest is expected.
SubstandardWell-defined weakness or a weakness that jeopardizes the repayment of the debt. A loan may be classified as substandard as a result of deterioration of the borrower’s financial condition and repayment capacity. Loans for which repayment plans have not been met or collateral equity margins do not protect the Company may also be classified as substandard.
DoubtfulLoans with the characteristics of substandard loans with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of presently existing facts and conditions, is highly improbable.
The Company’s internal creditworthiness grading system provides a measurement of credit risk based primarily on an evaluation of the borrower’s cash flow and collateral. Category ratings are reviewed each quarter, at which time management analyzes the results, as well as other external statistics and factors related to loan performance.
The following tables represent our credit risk profile by creditworthiness category. In the table for the year ended December 31, 2025, the balance of the doubtful category had been fully provided for in the allowance for credit losses and was subsequently charged-off in the first quarter of 2026
22

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)



 March 31, 2026
Non-Pass
PassOAEMSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal Non-PassTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,943,697 $60,393 $57,804 $— $— $118,197 $2,061,894 
Time and demand1,087,361 56,921 52,165 — — 109,086 1,196,447 
Commercial credit cards11,919 — — — — — 11,919 
Equipment finance737,612 3,472 5,639 — — 9,111 746,723 
Time and demand other106,805 — — — — — 106,805 
Real estate construction435,665 445 127 — — 572 436,237 
Construction other403,822 445 127 — — 572 404,394 
Construction residential31,843 — — — — — 31,843 
Residential real estate2,333,016 5,197 13,388 — — 18,585 2,351,601 
Residential first lien1,599,297 5,197 8,686 — — 13,883 1,613,180 
Residential junior lien/home equity733,719 — 4,702 — — 4,702 738,421 
Commercial real estate3,001,503 81,696 65,568 — — 147,264 3,148,767 
Multifamily586,725 7,369 12,085 — — 19,454 606,179 
Non-owner occupied1,697,902 52,196 26,887 — — 79,083 1,776,985 
Owner occupied716,876 22,131 26,596 — — 48,727 765,603 
Loans to individuals1,435,316 — 10 — — 10 1,435,326 
Automobile and recreational vehicles1,367,352 — 8 — — 8 1,367,360 
Consumer credit cards8,886 — — — — — 8,886 
Consumer other59,078 — 2 — — 2 59,080 
Total loans and leases$9,149,197 $147,731 $136,897 $— $— $284,628 $9,433,825 
23

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 
 December 31, 2025
Non-Pass
PassOAEMSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal Non-PassTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,924,977 $53,739 $65,381 $892 $— $120,012 $2,044,989 
Time and demand1,112,673 49,765 62,724 892 — 113,381 1,226,054 
Commercial credit cards11,408 — — — — — 11,408 
Equipment finance686,636 3,972 2,657 — — 6,629 693,265 
Time and demand other114,260 2 — — — 2 114,262 
Real estate construction460,716 463 1,607 — — 2,070 462,786 
Construction other413,466 463 1,607 — — 2,070 415,536 
Construction residential47,250 — — — — — 47,250 
Residential real estate2,342,701 4,402 13,182 — — 17,584 2,360,285 
Residential first lien1,618,090 4,402 8,527 — — 12,929 1,631,019 
Residential junior lien/home equity724,611 — 4,655 — — 4,655 729,266 
Commercial real estate3,054,645 69,182 58,282 — — 127,464 3,182,109 
Multifamily575,330 7,718 11,742 — — 19,460 594,790 
Non-owner occupied1,777,941 40,928 15,147 — — 56,075 1,834,016 
Owner occupied701,374 20,536 31,393 — — 51,929 753,303 
Loans to individuals1,457,836 — 34 — — 34 1,457,870 
Automobile and recreational vehicles1,387,163 — 32 — — 32 1,387,195 
Consumer credit cards9,496 — — — — — 9,496 
Consumer other61,177 — 2 — — 2 61,179 
Total loans and leases$9,240,875 $127,786 $138,486 $892 $— $267,164 $9,508,039 
The following table summarizes the loan risk rating category by loan type including term loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year:
March 31, 2026
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20262025202420232022PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Time and demand$33,714 $130,362 $136,951 $89,409 $80,072 $134,041 $591,898 $1,196,447 
Pass33,714 124,053 120,407 83,647 72,826 114,254 538,460 1,087,361 
OAEM— 1,602 12,343 3,046 2,591 9,944 27,395 56,921 
Substandard— 4,707 4,201 2,716 4,655 9,843 26,043 52,165 
Gross charge-offs— — (300)— (477)(70)(1,070)(1,917)
Gross recoveries— — — — 26 92 12 130 
Commercial credit cards— — — — — — 11,919 11,919 
Pass— — — — — — 11,919 11,919 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — (141)(141)
Gross recoveries— — — — — — 1 1 
Equipment finance101,256 368,817 177,471 78,861 20,318 — — 746,723 
Pass101,256 365,530 174,674 76,857 19,295 — — 737,612 
OAEM— 1,635 808 616 413 — — 3,472 
Substandard— 1,652 1,989 1,388 610 — — 5,639 
Gross charge-offs— (135)(714)(339)(189)— — (1,377)
Gross recoveries— — 125 8 82 — — 215 
24

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

March 31, 2026
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20262025202420232022PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Time and demand other2,969 8,481 10,685 14,234 4,010 63,479 2,947 106,805 
Pass2,969 8,481 10,685 14,234 4,010 63,479 2,947 106,805 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — (579)(579)
Gross recoveries— — — — — — 60 60 
Construction other6,797 162,792 91,584 103,381 590 36,816 2,434 404,394 
Pass6,797 162,792 91,584 103,108 418 36,689 2,434 403,822 
OAEM— — — 273 172 — — 445 
Substandard— — — — — 127 — 127 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — (326)— (326)
Gross recoveries— — — — — — — — 
Construction residential1,347 17,796 4,682 3,074 2,501 953 1,490 31,843 
Pass1,347 17,796 4,682 3,074 2,501 953 1,490 31,843 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — 
Gross recoveries— — — — — — — — 
Residential first lien17,392 88,254 54,880 134,010 336,381 979,764 2,499 1,613,180 
Pass17,367 88,245 54,057 131,222 331,581 974,388 2,437 1,599,297 
OAEM— — 590 — 3,475 1,070 62 5,197 
Substandard25 9 233 2,788 1,325 4,306 — 8,686 
Gross charge-offs— — — (17)(31)(58)— (106)
Gross recoveries— — — — — 16 — 16 
Residential junior lien/home equity10,811 50,208 16,621 42,346 44,752 34,629 539,054 738,421 
Pass10,811 50,208 16,621 42,338 44,664 34,437 534,640 733,719 
Substandard— — — 8 88 192 4,414 4,702 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — (39)(39)
Gross recoveries— — — — — 4 6 10 
Multifamily15,120 32,796 34,557 123,753 168,149 230,165 1,639 606,179 
Pass15,120 32,796 34,557 123,753 154,522 224,338 1,639 586,725 
OAEM— — — — 1,552 5,817 — 7,369 
Substandard— — — — 12,075 10 — 12,085 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — 
Gross recoveries— — — — — — — — 
Non-owner occupied16,880 181,473 105,578 210,838 374,387 874,866 12,963 1,776,985 
Pass16,880 181,473 105,379 210,838 354,964 815,471 12,897 1,697,902 
OAEM— — 199 — 18,294 33,703 — 52,196 
Substandard— — — — 1,129 25,692 66 26,887 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — (2,016)— (2,016)
Gross recoveries— — — — — 6 — 6 
Owner occupied29,179 122,818 78,693 100,510 128,596 293,172 12,635 765,603 
Pass29,179 122,529 65,769 95,540 120,060 272,705 11,094 716,876 
OAEM— — 5,966 3,339 3,774 7,594 1,458 22,131 
Substandard— 289 6,958 1,631 4,762 12,873 83 26,596 
Gross charge-offs— — — — (35)— (257)(292)
Gross recoveries— — — — — 34 — 34 
Automobile and recreational vehicles112,973 503,760 260,962 195,189 178,885 115,591 — 1,367,360 
Pass112,973 503,760 260,962 195,189 178,885 115,583 — 1,367,352 
Substandard— — — — — 8 — 8 
Gross charge-offs— (344)(671)(488)(424)(218)— (2,145)
Gross recoveries— 88 87 239 148 151 — 713 
25

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

March 31, 2026
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20262025202420232022PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Consumer credit cards— — — — — — 8,886 8,886 
Pass— — — — — — 8,886 8,886 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — (110)(110)
Gross recoveries— — — — — — 21 21 
Consumer other1,659 5,904 4,239 1,984 853 9,583 34,858 59,080 
Pass1,659 5,904 4,239 1,984 853 9,583 34,856 59,078 
Substandard— — — — — — 2 2 
Gross charge-offs— (50)(52)(3)(12)(14)(258)(389)
Gross recoveries— — 2 3 7 21 37 70 
Total loans and leases$350,097 $1,673,461 $976,903 $1,097,589 $1,339,494 $2,773,059 $1,223,222 $9,433,825 
Total charge-offs$— $(529)$(1,737)$(847)$(1,168)$(2,702)$(2,454)$(9,437)
Total recoveries$— $88 $214 $250 $263 $324 $137 $1,276 
December 31, 2025
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20252024202320222021PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Time and demand$144,802 $143,570 $95,587 $90,711 $66,053 $94,425 $590,906 $1,226,054 
Pass138,416 129,314 90,204 82,891 55,709 84,813 531,326 1,112,673 
OAEM1,615 10,115 2,639 2,655 1,888 1,888 28,965 49,765 
Substandard4,771 4,141 2,744 5,165 8,456 7,724 29,723 62,724 
Doubtful— — — — — — 892 892 
Gross charge-offs(305)(283)(400)(2,897)(389)(2,368)(9,540)(16,182)
Gross recoveries— — — 402 26 862 2,933 4,223 
Commercial credit cards— — — — — — 11,408 11,408 
Pass— — — — — — 11,408 11,408 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — (302)(302)
Gross recoveries— — — — — — 35 35 
Equipment finance385,806 195,713 87,528 24,218 — — — 693,265 
Pass385,724 192,228 85,679 23,005 — — — 686,636 
OAEM82 2,588 740 562 — — — 3,972 
Substandard— 897 1,109 651 — — — 2,657 
Gross charge-offs(89)(673)(418)(1,108)— — — (2,288)
Gross recoveries— 7 165 454 — — — 626 
Time and demand other9,347 10,927 12,347 4,079 15,114 50,358 12,090 114,262 
Pass9,347 10,927 12,347 4,079 15,114 50,358 12,088 114,260 
OAEM— — — — — — 2 2 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — (1,480)(1,480)
Gross recoveries— — — — — 1 233 234 
Construction other149,758 78,078 115,404 32,501 28,324 8,905 2,566 415,536 
Pass149,758 78,078 115,115 32,327 26,849 8,773 2,566 413,466 
OAEM— — 289 174 — — — 463 
Substandard— — — — 1,475 132 — 1,607 
Gross charge-offs(10)— (359)(355)— — (8)(732)
Gross recoveries— — — — — — — — 
26

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

December 31, 2025
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20252024202320222021PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Construction residential18,358 6,101 16,798 3,449 1,055 — 1,489 47,250 
Pass18,358 6,101 16,798 3,449 1,055 — 1,489 47,250 
Gross charge-offs— — — — (562)— — (562)
Gross recoveries— — — — — — — — 
Residential first lien86,293 55,820 136,773 343,907 438,644 567,149 2,433 1,631,019 
Pass86,284 55,582 134,414 339,023 436,767 563,651 2,369 1,618,090 
OAEM— — — 3,474 169 695 64 4,402 
Substandard9 238 2,359 1,410 1,708 2,803 — 8,527 
Gross charge-offs— (4)(330)(17)(105)(45)— (501)
Gross recoveries— — — — — 66 — 66 
Residential junior lien/home equity51,282 17,507 44,622 47,598 31,875 4,869 531,513 729,266 
Pass51,282 17,507 44,611 47,523 31,875 4,678 527,135 724,611 
Substandard— — 11 75 — 191 4,378 4,655 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — (244)(244)
Gross recoveries— — — — — 13 155 168 
Multifamily32,759 33,307 70,651 196,678 110,591 148,908 1,896 594,790 
Pass32,759 33,307 70,651 183,418 105,594 148,005 1,596 575,330 
OAEM— — — 1,563 4,997 858 300 7,718 
Substandard— — — 11,697 — 45 — 11,742 
Gross charge-offs— — — (169)(92)(505)— (766)
Gross recoveries— — — — — — — — 
Non-owner occupied194,436 109,688 212,880 384,761 186,461 732,319 13,471 1,834,016 
Pass194,436 109,688 212,880 374,468 179,869 693,195 13,405 1,777,941 
OAEM— — — 9,201 6,592 25,135 — 40,928 
Substandard— — — 1,092 — 13,989 66 15,147 
Gross charge-offs— (2)(93)(1,284)(239)(3,145)(7)(4,770)
Gross recoveries— — — — — 148 — 148 
Owner occupied124,044 79,594 102,865 130,905 108,227 193,605 14,063 753,303 
Pass123,755 66,642 97,396 119,327 104,482 177,382 12,390 701,374 
OAEM— 5,994 3,352 3,080 2,606 4,172 1,332 20,536 
Substandard289 6,958 2,117 8,498 1,139 12,051 341 31,393 
Gross charge-offs(98)(131)(140)(1,175)(63)(42)(3)(1,652)
Gross recoveries— — — — — 69 — 69 
Automobile and recreational vehicles545,133 287,068 217,215 204,073 87,300 46,406 — 1,387,195 
Pass545,133 287,057 217,215 204,061 87,300 46,397 — 1,387,163 
Substandard— 11 — 12 — 9 — 32 
Gross charge-offs(229)(1,401)(2,037)(2,079)(879)(400)— (7,025)
Gross recoveries25 409 643 1,047 477 391 — 2,992 
Consumer credit cards— — — — — — 9,496 9,496 
Pass— — — — — — 9,496 9,496 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — (346)(346)
Gross recoveries— — — — — — 79 79 
Consumer other6,592 4,881 2,331 1,074 7,711 2,308 36,282 61,179 
Pass6,592 4,881 2,331 1,074 7,711 2,308 36,280 61,177 
Substandard— — — — — — 2 2 
Gross charge-offs(17)(91)(151)(74)(135)(1)(1,047)(1,516)
Gross recoveries6 1 22 14 38 34 236 351 
Total loans and leases$1,748,610 $1,022,254 $1,115,001 $1,463,954 $1,081,355 $1,849,252 $1,227,613 $9,508,039 
27

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

December 31, 2025
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20252024202320222021PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Total charge-offs$(748)$(2,585)$(3,928)$(9,158)$(2,464)$(6,506)$(12,977)$(38,366)
Total recoveries$31 $417 $830 $1,917 $541 $1,584 $3,671 $8,991 
Portfolio Risks
The credit quality of our loan portfolio can potentially represent significant risk to our earnings, capital and liquidity. First Commonwealth devotes substantial resources to managing this risk primarily through our credit administration department that develops and administers policies and procedures for underwriting, maintaining, monitoring and collecting loans. Credit administration is independent of lending departments and oversight is provided by the Risk Committee of the First Commonwealth Board of Directors.
Total net charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were $8.2 million and $3.1 million, respectively.
Age Analysis of Past Due Loans by Segment
The following tables delineate the aging analysis of the recorded investments in past due loans as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. Also included in these tables are loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing because they are well-secured and in the process of collection.

 March 31, 2026
 30 - 59 days past due60 - 89 days past due90 days or greater and still accruingNonaccrualTotal past due and nonaccrualCurrentTotal
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$8,550 $10,830 $100 $45,160 $64,640 $1,997,254 $2,061,894 
Time and demand5,762 9,046 — 43,190 57,998 1,138,449 1,196,447 
Commercial credit cards83 30 — — 113 11,806 11,919 
Equipment finance2,702 1,754 — 1,970 6,426 740,297 746,723 
Time and demand other3 — 100 — 103 106,702 106,805 
Real estate construction4,110 — — — 4,110 432,127 436,237 
Construction other4,110 — — — 4,110 400,284 404,394 
Construction residential— — — — — 31,843 31,843 
Residential real estate5,884 6,908 855 13,231 26,878 2,324,723 2,351,601 
Residential first lien3,491 6,329 354 8,530 18,704 1,594,476 1,613,180 
Residential junior lien/home equity2,393 579 501 4,701 8,174 730,247 738,421 
Commercial real estate3,589 542 1,406 32,764 38,301 3,110,466 3,148,767 
Multifamily— — — 11,709 11,709 594,470 606,179 
Non-owner occupied2,535 42 1,406 9,288 13,271 1,763,714 1,776,985 
Owner occupied1,054 500 — 11,767 13,321 752,282 765,603 
Loans to individuals4,285 1,178 566 9 6,038 1,429,288 1,435,326 
Automobile and recreational vehicles4,051 956 30 7 5,044 1,362,316 1,367,360 
Consumer credit cards42 63 — — 105 8,781 8,886 
Consumer other192 159 536 2 889 58,191 59,080 
Total loans and leases$26,418 $19,458 $2,927 $91,164 $139,967 $9,293,858 $9,433,825 
28

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 
 December 31, 2025
 30 - 59 days past due60 - 89 days past due90 days or greater and still accruingNonaccrualTotal past due and nonaccrual CurrentTotal
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$5,127 $595 $217 $46,618 $52,557 $1,992,432 $2,044,989 
Time and demand2,666 125 107 45,288 48,186 1,177,868 1,226,054 
Commercial credit cards75 32 — — 107 11,301 11,408 
Equipment finance2,382 438 110 1,330 4,260 689,005 693,265 
Time and demand other4 — — — 4 114,258 114,262 
Real estate construction— — — 1,475 1,475 461,311 462,786 
Construction other— — — 1,475 1,475 414,061 415,536 
Construction residential— — — — — 47,250 47,250 
Residential real estate8,197 1,870 581 13,019 23,667 2,336,618 2,360,285 
Residential first lien5,054 1,456 317 8,364 15,191 1,615,828 1,631,019 
Residential junior lien/home equity3,143 414 264 4,655 8,476 720,790 729,266 
Commercial real estate1,975 10,070 — 30,612 42,657 3,139,452 3,182,109 
Multifamily417 — — 10 427 594,363 594,790 
Non-owner occupied534 10,070 — 14,156 24,760 1,809,256 1,834,016 
Owner occupied1,024 — — 16,446 17,470 735,833 753,303 
Loans to individuals6,733 1,225 490 32 8,480 1,449,390 1,457,870 
Automobile and recreational vehicles6,262 1,022 168 30 7,482 1,379,713 1,387,195 
Consumer credit cards50 35 — — 85 9,411 9,496 
Consumer other421 168 322 2 913 60,266 61,179 
Total loans and leases$22,032 $13,760 $1,288 $91,756 $128,836 $9,379,203 $9,508,039 
Nonaccrual Loans
The previous tables summarize nonaccrual loans by loan segment. The Company generally places loans on nonaccrual status when the full and timely collection of interest or principal becomes uncertain, when part of the principal balance has been charged off and no restructuring has occurred, or the loans reach a certain number of days past due. Generally, loans 90 days or more past due are placed on nonaccrual status, except for most consumer loans, which are placed on nonaccrual status at 150 days past due. Consumer loans related to automobile and recreational vehicles are either charged off or repossessed at no later than 90 days past due unless the borrower is in the process of collection through bankruptcy proceedings.
When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, the accrued unpaid interest receivable is reversed against interest income and all future payments received are applied as a reduction to the loan principal. Generally, the loan is returned to accrual status when (a) all delinquent interest and principal becomes current under the terms of the loan agreement or (b) the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection and collectability is no longer in doubt.
Nonaccrual loans in the above tables include loans with government guarantees of $28.1 million at March 31, 2026 and $31.5 million at December 31, 2025.
Nonperforming Loans
Management considers loans to be nonperforming when, based on current information and events, it is determined that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the loan contract, including scheduled interest payments. When management identifies a loan as nonperforming, the credit loss is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except when the sole source for repayment of the loan is the operation or liquidation of collateral. When the loan is collateral dependent, the appraised value less estimated cost to sell is
29

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

utilized. If management determines that the value of the loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, a credit loss is recognized through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance for credit losses.
When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of a nonperforming loan is in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, all payments are applied to principal under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of a nonperforming loan is not in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, contractual interest is credited to interest income when received under the cash basis method.
At March 31, 2026, there was $1.1 million in nonperforming loans held for sale. At December 31, 2025, there were no nonperforming loans held for sale. During both the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were no gains recognized on the sale of nonperforming loans.
The following tables include the recorded investment and unpaid principal balance for nonperforming loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. Also presented are the average recorded investment in nonperforming loans and the related amount of interest recognized while the loan was considered nonperforming. Average balances are calculated using month-end balances of the loans for the period reported and are included in the table below based on their period-end allowance position.
30

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 Recorded
investment		Unpaid
principal
balance		Related specific
allowance		Recorded
investment		Unpaid
principal
balance		Related specific
allowance
 (dollars in thousands)
With no related specific allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$23,870 $41,559 $22,422 $31,583 
Time and demand21,900 39,589 21,092 30,253 
Equipment finance1,970 1,970 1,330 1,330 
Time and demand other— — — — 
Real estate construction— — 1,475 1,475 
Construction other— — 1,475 1,475 
Construction residential— — — — 
Residential real estate10,745 12,219 11,874 13,678 
Residential first lien7,190 8,055 7,219 8,148 
Residential junior lien/home equity3,555 4,164 4,655 5,530 
Commercial real estate16,684 22,609 17,853 23,807 
Multifamily10 12 10 12 
Non-owner occupied9,288 13,401 8,799 12,879 
Owner occupied7,386 9,196 9,044 10,916 
Loans to individuals9 32 32 78 
Automobile and recreational vehicles7 16 30 62 
Consumer other2 16 2 16 
Subtotal51,308 76,419 53,656 70,621 
With a specific allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other21,290 23,057 $11,229 24,196 34,249 $6,959 
Time and demand21,290 23,057 11,229 24,196 34,249 6,959 
Equipment finance— — — — — — 
Time and demand other— — — — — — 
Real estate construction— — — — — — 
Construction other— — — — — — 
Construction residential— — — — — — 
Residential real estate2,486 2,782 209 1,145 1,160 162 
Residential first lien1,340 1,358 203 1,145 1,160 162 
Residential junior lien/home equity1,146 1,424 6 — — — 
Commercial real estate16,080 16,140 2,546 12,759 12,871 2,715 
Multifamily11,699 11,700 2,160 — — — 
Non-owner occupied— — — 5,357 5,357 2,280 
Owner occupied4,381 4,440 386 7,402 7,514 435 
Loans to individuals— — — — — — 
Automobile and recreational vehicles— — — — — — 
Consumer other— — — — — — 
Subtotal39,856 41,979 13,984 38,100 48,280 9,836 
Total$91,164 $118,398 $13,984 $91,756 $118,901 $9,836 

31

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20262025
 Average
recorded
investment		Interest
income
recognized		Average
recorded
investment		Interest
income
recognized
 (dollars in thousands)
With no related specific allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$29,643 $12 $8,684 $78 
Time and demand27,755 12 7,932 78 
Equipment finance1,888 — 752 — 
Time and demand other— — — — 
Real estate construction983 — 1,851 106 
Construction other983 — 1,851 106 
Construction residential— — — — 
Residential real estate11,025 27 10,122 19 
Residential first lien7,504 27 7,245 19 
Residential junior lien/home equity3,521 — 2,877 — 
Commercial real estate22,570 8 16,849 184 
Multifamily10 — 20 — 
Non-owner occupied12,266 — 13,887 184 
Owner occupied10,294 8 2,942 — 
Loans to individuals27 — 269 — 
Automobile and recreational vehicles16 — 198 — 
Consumer other11 — 71 — 
Subtotal64,248 47 37,775 387 
With a specific allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other15,685 — 7,190 — 
Time and demand15,685 — 7,103 — 
Equipment finance— — 87 — 
Time and demand other— — — — 
Real estate construction— — — — 
Construction other— — — — 
Construction residential— — — — 
Residential real estate2,332 — 2,354 — 
Residential first lien1,186 — 756 — 
Residential junior lien/home equity1,146 — 1,598 — 
Commercial real estate8,281 — 10,530 — 
Multifamily3,900 — — — 
Non-owner occupied— — 4,274 — 
Owner occupied4,381 — 6,256 — 
Loans to individuals— — — — 
Automobile and recreational vehicles— — — — 
Consumer other— — — — 
Subtotal26,298 — 20,074 — 
Total$90,546 $47 $57,849 $387 
Unfunded commitments related to nonperforming loans were $3.8 million and $0.2 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. After consideration of the requirements to draw and available collateral related to these
32

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
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NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

commitments, it was determined that no reserve was required for these commitments at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
In accordance with ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures ("ASU 2022-02"), modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include interest rate reductions, principal forgiveness, other-than-insignificant payment delay, term extensions or any combination thereof. When calculating the allowance for credit losses, these modifications are included in their respective loan segment and an allowance is determined by a loss given default and probability of default methodology.
The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
Rate ReductionTerm ExtensionPayment DeferralTerm Extension and Payment DeferralRate Reduction, Term Extension and Payment DeferralRate Reduction and Payment DeferralTotalPercentage of Total Loans and Leases
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial real estate$— $— $— $— $12,840 $— $12,840 0.41 
Non-owner occupied— — — — 12,840 — 12,840 0.72 
Total$— $— $— $— $12,840 $— $12,840 0.14 %
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Rate ReductionTerm ExtensionPayment DeferralTerm Extension and Payment DeferralRate Reduction, Term Extension and Payment DeferralRate Reduction and Payment DeferralTotalPercentage of Total Loans and Leases
(dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate$— $— $— $581 $— $— $581 0.03 %
Residential first lien— — — 559 — — 559 0.03 
Residential junior lien/home equity— — — 22 — — 22 — 
Commercial real estate— — — — 3,201 — 3,201 0.10 
Non-owner occupied— — — — 3,201 — 3,201 0.18 
Total$— $— $— $581 $3,201 $— $3,782 0.04 %
The following tables describe the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
Rate ReductionTerm Extension (Years)Principal ForgivenessPayment Deferral (Years)
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial real estate2.50 %1.1— 0.3
Non-owner occupied2.50 1.1— 0.3
Total2.50 %1.1$— 0.3
33

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Rate ReductionTerm Extension (Years)Principal ForgivenessPayment Deferral (Years)
(dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate— %3.2— 1.4
Residential first lien— 3.3— 1.4
Residential junior lien/home equity— 2.1— 0.5
Commercial real estate4.00 0.4— 0.1
Non-owner occupied4.00 0.4— 0.1
Total4.00 %0.9$— 0.3
A modification is considered to be in default when the loan is 90 days or more past due. The following table shows modifications considered to be in default.
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
Number of ContractsBalanceNumber of ContractsBalance
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other1 $100 1 $2,522 
Time and demand1 100 1 2,522 
Residential real estate2 314 2 321 
Residential first lien2 314 2 321 
Total loans and leases3 $414 3 $2,843 
34

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table shows the payment status of loans that have been modified in the last twelve months prior to the date presented:
March 31, 2026
Current30 - 59 days past due60 - 89 days past due90 days or greaterTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,085 $— $— $— $1,085 
Time and demand964 — — — 964 
Commercial credit cards— — — — — 
Equipment finance121 — — — 121 
Time and demand other— — — — — 
Real estate construction— — — — — 
Construction other— — — — — 
Construction residential— — — — — 
Residential real estate1,807 — 129 335 2,271 
Residential first lien1,783 — 129 335 2,247 
Residential junior lien/home equity24 — — — 24 
Commercial real estate12,840 — — 6,156 18,996 
Multifamily— — — — — 
Non-owner occupied12,840 — — 6,156 18,996 
Owner occupied— — — — — 
Loans to individuals— — — — — 
Automobile and recreational vehicles— — — — — 
Consumer credit cards— — — — — 
Consumer other— — — — — 
Total loans and leases$15,732 $— $129 $6,491 $22,352 

December 31, 2025
Current30 - 59 days past due60 - 89 days past due90 days or greaterTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$989 $— $— $2,522 $3,511 
Time and demand864 — — 2,522 3,386 
Equipment finance125 — — — 125 
Residential real estate227 1,823 23 321 2,394 
Residential first lien182 1,823 23 321 2,349 
Residential junior lien/home equity45 — — — 45 
Commercial real estate9,399 — — — 9,399 
Non-owner occupied9,399 — — — 9,399 
Total loans and leases$10,615 $1,823 $23 $2,843 $15,304 

35

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following tables provide detail related to the allowance for credit losses:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
Beginning balanceCharge-offsRecoveries
Provision (credit)a
Ending balance
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$38,149 $(4,014)$406 $8,229 $42,770 
Time and demand22,223 (1,917)130 5,431 25,867 
Commercial credit cards177 (141)1 171 208 
Equipment finance14,138 (1,377)215 1,914 14,890 
Time and demand other1,611 (579)60 713 1,805 
Real estate construction7,808 (326)— (381)7,101 
Construction other7,118 (326)— (231)6,561 
Construction residential690 — — (150)540 
Residential real estate21,629 (145)26 435 21,945 
Residential first lien15,056 (106)16 401 15,367 
Residential junior lien/home equity6,573 (39)10 34 6,578 
Commercial real estate40,271 (2,308)40 1,791 39,794 
Multifamily5,528 — — 1,994 7,522 
Non-owner occupied24,865 (2,016)6 (950)21,905 
Owner occupied9,878 (292)34 747 10,367 
Loans to individuals17,911 (2,644)804 1,502 17,573 
Automobile and recreational vehicles14,962 (2,145)713 1,225 14,755 
Consumer credit cards473 (110)21 51 435 
Consumer other2,476 (389)70 226 2,383 
Total loans and leases$125,768 $(9,437)$1,276 $11,576 $129,183 
a) The provision expense (credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.
36

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
 Beginning balanceCharge-offsRecoveries
Provision (credit)a
Ending balance
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$29,131 $(4,019)$3,690 $2,543 $31,345 
Time and demand19,433 (2,976)3,484 459 20,400 
Commercial credit cards182 (98)22 104 210 
Equipment finance7,844 (576)131 1,377 8,776 
Time and demand other1,672 (369)53 603 1,959 
Real estate construction6,030 — — 802 6,832 
Construction other5,916 — — 759 6,675 
Construction residential114 — — 43 157 
Residential real estate22,396 (108)137 (87)22,338 
Residential first lien15,758 (33)16 (138)15,603 
Residential junior lien/home equity6,638 (75)121 51 6,735 
Commercial real estate40,232 (1,464)156 (553)38,371 
Multifamily5,431 — — 47 5,478 
Non-owner occupied23,332 (874)110 (754)21,814 
Owner occupied11,469 (590)46 154 11,079 
Loans to individuals21,117 (2,419)929 1,418 21,045 
Automobile and recreational vehicles18,693 (1,805)846 1,315 19,049 
Consumer credit cards341 (95)18 59 323 
Consumer other2,083 (519)65 44 1,673 
Total loans and leases$118,906 $(8,010)$4,912 $4,123 $119,931 
a) The provision expense (credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.
Note 9 Leases
First Commonwealth has elected to apply certain practical expedients provided under ASU 2016-02 "Leases" (Topic 842) including (i) to not apply the requirements in the new standard to short-term leases; (ii) to not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing lease; (iii) to account for lease and non-lease components separately; and (iv) to not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases. The impact of this standard primarily relates to operating leases of certain real estate properties, including certain branch and ATM locations and office space. First Commonwealth has no material leasing arrangements for which it is the lessor of property or equipment.
37

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table represents the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Condition classification of the Company’s right of use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities, lease costs and other lease information.
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
Balance sheet:(dollars in thousands)
Operating lease asset classified as premises and equipment$36,788 $38,170 
Operating lease liability classified as other liabilities41,226 42,627 
For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2026March 31, 2025
Income statement:(dollars in thousands)
    Operating lease cost classified as occupancy and equipment expense
$1,365 $1,410 
Weighted average lease term, in years11.5512.83
Weighted average discount rate3.92 %3.80 %
Operating cash flows$1,384 $1,424 
The ROU assets and lease liabilities are impacted by the length of the lease term and the discount rate used to present value the minimum lease payments. First Commonwealth's lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the Company's discretion. If we consider the renewal option to be reasonably certain, we include the extended term in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability.
First Commonwealth uses incremental borrowing rates when calculating the lease liability because the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate used by First Commonwealth is an amortizing loan rate obtained from the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") of Pittsburgh. This rate is consistent with a collateralized borrowing rate and is available for terms similar to the lease payment schedules.
Future minimum payments for operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more as of March 31, 2026 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
For the twelve months ended:
March 31, 2027$4,050 
March 31, 20285,161 
March 31, 20294,832 
March 31, 20304,769 
March 31, 20314,309 
Thereafter28,543 
Total future minimum lease payments51,664 
Less remaining imputed interest10,438 
Operating lease liability$41,226 

Note 10 Income Taxes
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740-10, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, First Commonwealth had no material unrecognized tax benefits or accrued interest and penalties. If applicable, First Commonwealth will record interest and penalties as a component of noninterest expense.
First Commonwealth is subject to routine audits of our tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) as well as all states in which we conduct business. Generally, tax years prior to the year ended December 31, 2022 are no longer open to examination by federal and state taxing authorities.

38

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 11 Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” ("Topic 820"), requires disclosures for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). All non-financial assets are included either as a separate line item on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition or in the “Other assets” category of the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Currently, First Commonwealth does not have any non-financial liabilities to disclose.
FASB ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments” ("Topic 825"), permits entities to irrevocably elect to measure select financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The unrealized gains and losses are required to be included in earnings each reporting period for the items that fair value measurement is elected. First Commonwealth has elected not to measure any existing financial instruments at fair value under Topic 825; however, in the future we may elect to adopt this guidance for select financial instruments.
 
In accordance with Topic 820, First Commonwealth groups financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value in three levels based on the principal markets in which the assets and liabilities are transacted and the observability of the data points used to determine fair value. These levels are:
•Level 1 – Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in active exchange markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.
•Level 2 – Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in less active dealer or broker markets. Valuations are obtained for observable inputs for identical or comparable assets or liabilities from alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Level 2 includes Obligations of U.S. Government securities issued by Agencies and Sponsored Enterprises, Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions, corporate securities, loans held for sale, interest rate derivatives (including interest rate caps, interest rate collars, interest rate swaps and risk participation agreements), certain other real estate owned and certain nonperforming loans.
Level 2 investment securities are valued by a recognized third party pricing service using observable inputs. The model used by the pricing service varies by asset class and incorporates available market, trade and bid information as well as cash flow information when applicable. Because many fixed-income investment securities do not trade on a daily basis, the model uses available information such as benchmark yield curves, benchmarking of like investment securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing. The model will also use processes such as an option-adjusted spread to assess the impact of interest rates and to develop prepayment estimates. Market inputs normally used in the pricing model include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data including market research publications.
Management validates the market values provided by the third party service by having another source price 100% of the securities on a monthly basis, monthly monitoring of variances from prior period pricing and, on a monthly basis, evaluating pricing changes compared to expectations based on changes in the financial markets.
Loans held for sale include residential mortgage loans originated for sale in the secondary mortgage market. The estimated fair value for these loans was determined on the basis of rates obtained in the respective secondary market. Loans held for sale could also include the Small Business Administration guaranteed portion of small business loans. The estimated fair value of these loans is based on the contract with the third party investor. When loans held for sale include other commercial loans, fair value is determined using an executed trade or market bid obtained from potential buyers. The estimated fair value of nonaccrual commercial loans held for sale as of March 31, 2026 totaled $1.1 million. There were no held for sale loans in a nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2025.
Interest rate derivatives are reported at an estimated fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs and are included in other assets and other liabilities, and consist of interest rate swaps where there is no significant deterioration in the counterparties' and/or loan customers' credit risk since origination of the interest rate swap, as well as interest rate caps, interest rate collars and risk participation agreements. First Commonwealth values its interest rate swap and cap positions using a yield curve by taking market prices/rates for an appropriate set of instruments. The set of instruments used to determine the U.S. Dollar yield curve includes Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") rates from overnight to one year, Eurodollar futures contracts and SOFR swap rates from one year to thirty years. These yield curves determine the valuations of interest rate swaps. Interest rate derivatives are further described in Note 12, “Derivatives.”
39

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For purposes of potential valuation adjustments to our derivative positions, First Commonwealth evaluates the credit risk of its counterparties as well as our own credit risk. Accordingly, we have considered factors such as the likelihood of default, expected loss given default, net exposures and remaining contractual life, among other things, in determining if any estimated fair value adjustments related to credit risk are required. We review our counterparty exposure quarterly, and when necessary, appropriate adjustments are made to reflect the exposure.
We also utilize this approach to estimate our own credit risk on derivative liability positions. In the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, we have not realized any losses due to a counterparty's inability to pay any net uncollateralized position.
Interest rate derivatives also include interest rate forwards entered to hedge residential mortgage loans held for sale and the related interest-rate lock commitments. This includes forward commitments to sell mortgage loans. The fair value of these derivative financial instruments are based on derivative market data inputs as of the valuation date and the underlying value of mortgage loans for rate lock commitments.
•Level 3 – Valuations for assets and liabilities that are derived from other valuation methodologies, including option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques, and not based on market exchange, dealer or broker traded transactions. If the inputs used to provide the valuation are unobservable and/or there is very little, if any, market activity for the security or similar securities, the securities would be considered Level 3 securities. Level 3 valuations incorporate certain assumptions and projections in determining the fair value assigned to such assets or liabilities. The assets included in Level 3 are certain nonperforming loans.
There are no Level 3 fair value measurements that require quantitative inputs and assumptions.
The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 March 31, 2026
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential$— $2,411 $— $2,411 
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Commercial— 665,341 — 665,341 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential— 325,165 — 325,165 
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises— 991 — 991 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions— 6,937 — 6,937 
Corporate Securities— 41,554 — 41,554 
Total Securities Available for Sale— 1,042,399 — 1,042,399 
Loans Held for Sale— 30,489 — 30,489 
Other Assets(a)
— 14,333 — 14,333 
Total Assets$— $1,087,221 $— $1,087,221 
Other Liabilities(a)
$— $13,854 $— $13,854 
Total Liabilities$— $13,854 $— $13,854 
(a)Hedging and non-hedging interest rate derivatives
40

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 December 31, 2025
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential$— $2,496 $— $2,496 
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Commercial— 661,689 — 661,689 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential— 295,523 — 295,523 
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises— 984 — 984 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions— 6,971 — 6,971 
Corporate Securities— 46,531 — 46,531 
Total Securities Available for Sale— 1,014,194 — 1,014,194 
Loans Held for Sale— 46,071 — 46,071 
Other Assets(a)
— 9,573 — 9,573 
Total Assets$— $1,069,838 $— $1,069,838 
Other Liabilities(a)
$— $10,657 $— $10,657 
Total Liabilities$— $10,657 $— $10,657 
(a)Hedging and non-hedging interest rate derivatives
During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were no transfers between fair value Levels 1, 2 or 3.
There were no gains or losses included in earnings for the periods presented that are attributable to the change in realized gains (losses) relating to assets held at March 31, 2026 and 2025.
The tables below present the balances of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at the dates shown below:
 March 31, 2026
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans held for sale$— $1,149 $— $1,149 
Nonperforming loans— 47,010 30,170 77,180 
Other real estate owned— 235 — 235 
Total Assets$— $48,394 $30,170 $78,564 

 December 31, 2025
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans held for sale$— $225,381 $— $225,381 
Nonperforming loans— 40,617 41,303 81,920 
Other real estate owned— 1,014 — 1,014 
Total Assets$— $267,012 $41,303 $308,315 
41

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following (losses) gains were realized on the assets measured on a nonrecurring basis:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20262025
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans held for sale$— $— 
Nonperforming loans(9,928)(7,606)
Other real estate owned(73)(38)
Total losses$(10,001)$(7,644)
Nonperforming loans over $250 thousand are individually reviewed to determine the amount of each loan considered to be at risk of non-collection. The fair value for nonperforming loans that are collateral-based is determined by reviewing real property appraisals, equipment valuations, accounts receivable listings and other financial information. A discounted cash flow analysis is performed to determine fair value for nonperforming loans when an observable market price or a current appraisal is not available. For real estate secured loans, First Commonwealth’s loan policy requires updated appraisals be obtained at least every twelve months on all nonperforming loans with balances of $250 thousand and over. For real estate secured loans with balances under $250 thousand, we rely on broker price opinions. For non-real estate secured assets, the Company normally relies on third party valuations specific to the collateral type.
The fair value for other real estate owned that is determined by either an independent market-based appraisal less estimated costs to sell or an executed sales agreement is classified as Level 2. The fair value for other real estate owned that is determined using an internal valuation is classified as Level 3. Other real estate owned has a current carrying value of $0.2 million as of March 31, 2026, and primarily includes residential real estate properties in Pennsylvania. We review whether events and circumstances subsequent to a transfer to other real estate owned have occurred that indicate the balance of those assets may not be recoverable. If events and circumstances indicate further impairment, we will record a charge to the extent that the carrying value of the assets exceed their fair values, less estimated cost to sell, as determined by valuation techniques appropriate in the circumstances.
Certain other assets and liabilities, including goodwill, core deposit intangibles and customer list intangibles, are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances. Additional information related to goodwill is provided in Note 13, “Goodwill.” There were no other assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the three months ended March 31, 2026.
FASB ASC Topic 825-10, “Transition Related to FSP FAS 107-1” and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or nonrecurring basis. The methodologies for estimating the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis are as discussed above. The methodologies for other financial assets and financial liabilities are discussed below.
Cash and due from banks and interest-bearing bank deposits: The carrying amounts for cash and due from banks and interest-bearing bank deposits approximate the estimated fair values of such assets.
Securities: Fair values for securities available for sale and held to maturity are based on quoted market prices, if available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments. The carrying value of other investments, which includes FHLB stock and other equity investments, is considered a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Loans held for sale: The estimated fair value of loans held for sale is based on market bids obtained from potential buyers.
Loans: The fair values of all loans are estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using interest rates currently offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality adjusted for past due and nonperforming loans.

42

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Off-balance sheet instruments: Many of First Commonwealth’s off-balance sheet instruments, primarily loan commitments and standby letters of credit, are expected to expire without being drawn upon; therefore, the commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. FASB ASC Topic 460, “Guarantees” clarified that a guarantor is required to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The carrying amount and estimated fair value for standby letters of credit was $0.3 million at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. See Note 6, “Commitments and Contingent Liabilities,” for additional information.
Deposit liabilities: The estimated fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts and money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date because of the customers’ ability to withdraw funds immediately. The fair value of fixed rate time deposits is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using interest rates currently being offered and a schedule of aggregated expected maturities.
Short-term borrowings: The fair values of borrowings from the FHLB were estimated based on the estimated incremental borrowing rate for similar type borrowings. The carrying amounts of other short-term borrowings, such as federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase, were used to approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of the borrowings.
Subordinated debt and long-term debt: The fair value is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using First Commonwealth’s estimate of the current market rate for similar types of borrowing arrangements.
43

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table presents carrying amounts and fair values of First Commonwealth’s financial instruments:
 March 31, 2026
  Fair Value Measurements Using:
 Carrying
Amount		TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (dollars in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks$118,134 $118,134 $118,134 $— $— 
Interest-bearing deposits224,806 224,806 224,806 — — 
Securities available for sale1,042,399 1,042,399 — 1,042,399 — 
Securities held to maturity577,286 526,592 — 526,592 — 
Other investments28,946 28,946 — 23,214 5,732 
Loans held for sale31,638 31,638 — 31,638 — 
Loans and leases9,433,825 9,563,777 — 47,010 9,516,767 
Financial liabilities
Deposits10,409,893 10,405,116 — 10,405,116 — 
Short-term borrowings22,858 21,220 — 21,220 — 
Subordinated debt128,507 119,873 — — 119,873 
Long-term debt— — — — — 
Capital lease obligation3,562 3,562 — 3,562 — 
 December 31, 2025
  Fair Value Measurements Using:
 Carrying
Amount		TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (dollars in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks$103,280 $103,280 $103,280 $— $— 
Interest-bearing deposits77,082 77,082 77,082 — — 
Securities available for sale1,014,194 1,014,194 — 1,014,194 — 
Securities held to maturity519,422 470,665 — 470,665 — 
Other investments38,295 38,295 — 32,563 5,732 
Loans held for sale271,452 271,452 — 271,452 — 
Loans and leases9,508,039 9,657,464 — 40,617 9,616,847 
Financial liabilities
Deposits10,250,969 10,248,485 — 10,248,485 — 
Short-term borrowings147,966 147,926 — 147,926 — 
Subordinated debt128,466 121,747 — — 121,747 
Long-term debt129,555 130,108 — 130,108 — 
Capital lease obligation3,721 3,721 — 3,721 — 
Note 12 Derivatives
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
First Commonwealth is a party to interest rate derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments. These derivatives relate to interest rate swaps that First Commonwealth enters into with customers to allow customers to convert variable rate loans to a fixed rate. First Commonwealth pays interest to the customer at a floating rate on the notional amount and receives interest from the customer at a fixed rate for the same notional amount. At the same time the interest rate swap is entered into with the customer, an offsetting interest rate swap is entered into with another financial institution. First Commonwealth pays the other financial institution interest at the same fixed rate on the same notional amount as the swap entered into with the customer, and receives interest from the financial institution for the same floating rate on the same notional amount.
44

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The changes in the fair value of the swaps offset each other, except for the credit risk of the counterparties, which is determined by taking into consideration the risk rating, probability of default and loss given default for all counterparties.
We have 22 risk participation agreements with financial institution counterparties for interest rate swaps related to loans in which we are a participant. The risk participation agreements provide credit protection to the financial institution should the borrower fail to perform on its interest rate derivative contract with the financial institution. We have 20 risk participation agreements with financial institution counterparties for interest rate swaps related to loans in which we are the lead bank. The risk participation agreement provides credit protection to us should the borrower fail to perform on its interest rate derivative contract with us.
First Commonwealth is also party to interest rate caps and collars that are not designated as hedging instruments. The interest rate caps relate to contracts that First Commonwealth enters into with loan customers that provide a maximum interest rate on their variable rate loan. At the same time the interest rate cap is entered into with the customer, First Commonwealth enters into an offsetting interest rate cap with another financial institution. The notional amount and maximum interest rate on both interest cap contracts are identical. The interest rate collars relate to contracts that First Commonwealth enters into with loan customers that provide both a maximum and minimum interest rate on their variable rate loan. At the same time the interest rate collar is entered into with the customer, First Commonwealth enters into an offsetting interest rate collar with another financial institution. The notional amount and the maximum and minimum interest rates on both interest collar contracts are identical.
The fee received for such derivatives, less the estimate of the loss for the credit exposure, is recognized in earnings at the time of the transaction.
The Company also enters into interest rate lock commitments in conjunction with its mortgage origination business. These are commitments to originate loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding and the customers have locked into that interest rate. The Company locks in the rate with an investor and commits to deliver the loan if settlement occurs (“best efforts”) or commits to deliver the locked loan in a binding (“mandatory”) delivery program with an investor. Loans under mandatory rate lock commitments are covered under forward sales contracts of mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”). Forward sales contracts of MBS are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in "Noninterest income" in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income. The impact to noninterest income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was a decrease of $0.2 million.
Interest rate lock commitments and commitments to deliver loans to investors are considered derivatives. The market value of interest rate lock commitments and best efforts contracts are not readily ascertainable with precision because they are not actively traded in stand-alone markets. We determine the fair value of rate lock commitments and delivery contracts by measuring the fair value of the underlying asset, which is impacted by current interest rates and takes into consideration the probability that the rate lock commitments will close or will be funded. At March 31, 2026, the underlying funded mortgage loan commitments had a carrying value of $7.9 million and a fair value of $9.3 million, while the underlying unfunded mortgage loan commitments had a notional amount of $61.2 million. At December 31, 2025, the underlying funded mortgage loan commitments had a carrying value of $19.5 million and a fair value of $21.5 million, while the underlying unfunded mortgage loan commitments had a notional amount of $48.1 million. The interest rate lock commitments increased other noninterest income by $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and decreased it by $0.7 million for the three months ended ended March 31, 2025.
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
In August 2019, the Company entered into two interest rate swap contracts that are designated as cash flow hedges. One of the contracts, with a notional amount of $30.0 million, matured on August 15, 2024 and the other contract, with a notional amount of $40.0 million, matures on August 15, 2026. The Company's risk management objective for these hedges is to reduce its exposure to variability in expected future cash flows related to interest payments made on subordinated debentures. Initially, these swaps were benchmarked to the 3-month LIBOR rate; however, as a result of the discontinuance of the LIBOR rate on June 30, 2023, both of the swap contracts were amended to hedge exposure to the variability of the 3-month Daily Simple SOFR, compounded in arrears. This change is in agreement with amendments made to the interest rate on the subordinated debentures as a result of the discontinuance of LIBOR. Therefore, the interest rate swaps convert the interest rate benchmark on the first $40.0 million of 3-month SOFR based subordinated debentures to a fixed rate.
During 2021, the Company entered into eight interest rate swap contracts that were designated as cash flow hedges, $75.0 million of which matured during 2024, $150.0 million which matured in May 2025 and $25 million which matured in
45

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

August 2025. The remaining interest rate swaps have a total notional amount of $175.0 million with an original maturity of five years. The Company's risk management objective for these hedges is to reduce its exposure to variability in expected future cash flows related to interest payments on commercial loans. Initially these swaps were benchmarked to the 1-month LIBOR rate; however, as a result of the discontinuance of the LIBOR rate on June 30, 2023, these swaps were amended to hedge exposure to the variability of the 1-month Daily Simple SOFR rate compounded in arrears. Therefore, the interest rate swaps convert the interest payments on the first $175.0 million of 1-month Daily Simple SOFR based commercial loans into fixed rate payments. The following table provides the notional amount of interest rate swap contracts and their maturity date.
Notional AmountMaturity Date
(dollars in thousands)
$150,000 05/01/26
25,00010/15/26
$175,000 
The periodic net settlement of these interest rate swaps are recorded as an adjustment to "Interest on subordinated debentures" or "Interest and fees on loans" in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income. For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there was a negative impact on net interest income of $1.1 million and $3.7 million, respectively, as a result of these interest rate swaps. Changes in the fair value of the cash flow hedges are reported on the balance sheet and in OCI. When the cash flows associated with the hedged item are realized, the gain or loss included in OCI is recognized in "Interest on subordinated debentures," or "Interest and fees on loans", the same line items in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income as the income on the hedged items. The cash flow hedges were highly effective at March 31, 2026, and changes in the fair value attributed to hedge ineffectiveness were not material.
The following table depicts the credit value and fair value adjustments recorded related to the notional amount of derivatives outstanding as well as the notional amount of risk participation agreements participated to other banks:
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 (dollars in thousands)
Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Interest rate derivatives:
Credit value adjustment$(191)$(185)
Notional amount:
Interest rate derivatives992,194 1,000,541 
Interest rate caps36,317 50,525 
Interest rate collars6,516 2,022 
Risk participation agreements173,676 158,646 
Sold credit protection on risk participation agreements(168,683)(151,858)
Interest rate options61,187 48,143 
Interest rate forwards:
Fair value adjustment268 (133)
Notional amount54,000 49,000 
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
Interest rate swaps:
Fair value adjustment401 (766)
Notional amount215,000 215,000 
 
46

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)


The table below presents the change in the fair value of derivative assets and derivative liabilities attributable to credit risk or fair value changes included in "Other income", "Other expense," "Interest on subordinated debentures" or "Interest and fees on loans" in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20262025
 (dollars in thousands)
Non-hedging interest rate derivatives
(Decrease) increase in other income$(189)$311 
Non-hedging interest rate forwards
Increase (decrease) in other income401 (669)
Hedging interest rate derivatives
(Decrease) increase in interest and fees on loans(1,307)(3,961)
(Decrease) increase in interest from subordinated debentures(243)(311)

The fair value of our derivatives is included in a table in Note 11, “Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities,” in the line items “Other assets” and “Other liabilities.”
Note 13 Goodwill
FASB ASC Topic 350-20, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” requires an annual valuation of the fair value of a reporting unit that has goodwill and a comparison of the fair value to the book value of equity to determine whether the goodwill has been impaired. Goodwill is also required to be tested on an interim basis if an event or circumstance indicates that it is more likely than not that an impairment loss has been incurred. When circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that fair value is less than carrying value, a triggering event has occurred and a quantitative impairment test would be performed.
We consider First Commonwealth to be one reporting unit (see Note 16 - "Segment Reporting"). The carrying amount of goodwill at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 was $378.2 million. No impairment charges on goodwill or other intangible assets were incurred in 2026 or 2025.
We test goodwill for impairment as of November 30th each year and again at any quarter-end if any material events occur during a quarter that may affect goodwill.
As of March 31, 2026, no indicators of impairment were identified; however, changing economic conditions that may adversely affect our performance, the fair value of our assets and liabilities, or our stock price could result in impairment, which could adversely affect earnings in future periods. Management will continue to monitor events that could impact this conclusion in the future.
Note 14 Subordinated Debentures
Subordinated debentures outstanding are as follows:
  March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 DueRateAmountAmount
  (dollars in thousands)
Owed to:
First Commonwealth Bank20335.50% until June 1, 2028, then 3-Month CME Term SOFR + 0.26161% + 2.37%$49,498 $49,480 
First Commonwealth Financial Corp2031Prime + 1.00%6,842 6,819 
First Commonwealth Capital Trust II20343-Month CME Term SOFR + 0.26161% + 2.85%30,929 30,929 
First Commonwealth Capital Trust III20343-Month CME Term SOFR + 0.26161% + 2.85%41,238 41,238 
Total$128,507 $128,466 
With the acquisition of Centric in January 2023, First Commonwealth acquired a ten-year subordinated note with a principal balance of $6.0 million. The rate was fixed at 4.50% until March 29, 2026, then converted to a quarterly adjustable rate of Prime + 1.00%. The carrying value of this note includes a fair value premium from acquisition of $0.8 million. The Company
47

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

may redeem the notes, beginning with the interest payment due on March 29, 2026, in whole or in part at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the subordinated notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. The Company has obtained the necessary regulatory approval to redeem this note and is expected to do so in the second quarter of 2026.
On May 21, 2018, First Commonwealth issued fifteen-year subordinated notes with an aggregate principal amount of $50.0 million and a fixed-to-floating rate of 5.50%. The rate remains fixed until June 1, 2028, then adjusts on a quarterly basis to three-month CME Term SOFR+ 0.26161% + 2.37%. The Bank may redeem the notes, subject to regulatory approval, beginning with the interest payment due on June 1, 2028, in whole or in part at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the subordinated notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. Deferred issuance costs of $1.1 million are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the notes.
First Commonwealth currently has two trusts, First Commonwealth Capital Trust II and First Commonwealth Capital Trust III, of which 100% of the common equity is owned by First Commonwealth. The trusts were formed for the purpose of issuing company obligated mandatorily redeemable capital securities to third-party investors and investing the proceeds from the sale of the capital securities solely in junior subordinated debt securities (“subordinated debentures”) of First Commonwealth. The subordinated debentures held by each trust are the sole assets of the trust.
Interest on the debentures issued to First Commonwealth Capital Trust II is paid quarterly at a floating rate of three-month CME Term SOFR + 0.26161% + 2.85%, which is reset quarterly. Subject to regulatory approval, First Commonwealth may redeem the debentures, in whole or in part, at its option at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the debentures, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of the redemption. Deferred issuance costs of $0.5 million are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the securities.
Interest on the debentures issued to First Commonwealth Capital Trust III is paid quarterly at a floating rate of three-month CME Term SOFR + 0.26161% + 2.85%, which is reset quarterly. Subject to regulatory approval, First Commonwealth may redeem the debentures, in whole or in part, at its option on any interest payment date at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the debentures, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of the redemption. Deferred issuance costs of $0.6 million are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the securities.
In order to reduce its exposure to variability in expected future cash flows related to interest payments on First Commonwealth Capital Trust II and III, the Company entered into two interest rate swap contracts that are designated as cash flow hedges. These contracts fix the index rate based portion of the interest rate on Capital Trust III at 1.525% until August 15, 2026. A similar interest rate swap contract was entered for Capital Trust II which fixed the index rate based portion at 1.515%; however, that swap expired on August 15, 2024. Additional information related to these cash flow hedges can be found in Note 12 - "Derivatives".
Note 15 Revenue Recognition

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated from contracts with customers. Revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue from loans and securities, certain noninterest income streams such as fees associated with derivatives are not in scope of FASB ASC Topic 606 - "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("Topic 606"). Topic 606 is applicable to noninterest revenue streams such as trust income, service charges on deposits, insurance and retail brokerage commissions, card-related interchange income and gain(loss) on sale of OREO. For contracts within the scope of Topic 606, the Company immediately expenses contract acquisition costs when the asset that would have resulted from capitalizing these costs would have been amortized in one year or less.
Noninterest revenue streams in-scope of Topic 606 are discussed below:
Trust Income
Trust income is primarily comprised of fees earned from the management and administration of trusts and other customer assets. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon a tiered scale of market value of the assets under management at month-end. Payment is generally received a few days after month end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. The Company does not earn performance-based incentives. Optional services such as financial planning or tax return preparation services are also available to trust customers. The Company’s performance obligation for these transactional-based services is generally satisfied and related revenue recognized at a point in time. Payment is received shortly after services are rendered.
48

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Service Charges on Deposit Accounts
Service charges on deposit accounts consist of fees earned from its deposit customers for transaction-based, account maintenance, overdraft services and account analysis fees. Transaction-based fees, which include services such as ATM use fees, stop payment fees, statement rendering and ACH fees are recognized at the time the transaction is executed which is the point in time the Company fulfills the customer’s request. Monthly account maintenance fees are earned over the course of the month, representing the period over which the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs. The Company’s performance obligation for account analysis fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, during the month the service is provided. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is primarily received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to customers’ accounts.
Insurance and Retail Brokerage Commissions
Insurance income primarily consists of commissions received from execution of personal, business and health insurance policies when acting as an agent on behalf of insurance carriers. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied upon the issuance of the insurance policy. Because the Company’s contracts with the insurance carriers are generally cancellable by either party with minimal notice, insurance commissions are recognized during the policy period as received. Also, the majority of insurance commissions are received on a monthly basis during the policy period; however, some carriers pay the full annual commission to First Commonwealth at the time of policy issuance or renewal. In these cases, First Commonwealth would be required to refund any commissions it would not be entitled to as a result of cancelled or terminated policies. The Company has established a refund liability for the remaining term of the policies expected to be cancelled. The Company also receives incentive-based contingency fees from the insurance carriers. Contingency fee revenue, which totals approximately $0.4 million per year, is recognized as received due to the immaterial amount.
Retail brokerage income primarily consists of commissions received on annuity and investment product sales through a third-party service provider. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied upon the issuance of the annuity policy or the execution of an investment transaction. The Company does not earn a significant amount of trailer fees on annuity sales. However, after considering the factors impacting these trailer fees, such as the uncertainty of investor behavior and changes in the market value of assets, First Commonwealth determined that it would recognize trailing fees as received because it could not reasonably estimate an amount of future trailing commissions for which collection is probable. Commissions from the third-party service provider are received on a monthly basis based upon customer activity for the month. The fees are recognized monthly with a receivable until commissions are received from the third-party service provider the following month. Because the Company acts as an agent in arranging the relationship between the customer and the third-party service provider and does not control the services rendered to the customers, retail brokerage fees are presented net of related costs, including $1.2 million in commission expense for both the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
Card-Related Interchange Income
Card-related interchange income is primarily comprised of debit and credit card income, ATM fees and merchant services income. Debit and credit card income is primarily comprised of interchange fees earned whenever the Company’s debit and credit cards are processed through card payment networks such as MasterCard. ATM fees are primarily generated when a Company cardholder uses a non-Company ATM or a non-Company cardholder uses a Company ATM. Merchant services income mainly represents fees charged to merchants to process their debit and credit card transactions, in addition to account management fees. Card-related interchange income is recognized daily as the customer transactions are settled.
Other Income
Other income includes service revenue from processing wire transfers, bill pay service, cashier’s checks, and other services. The Company’s performance obligation for these services are largely satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month.
49

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Gains (losses) on sales of OREO
First Commonwealth records a gain or loss from the sale of OREO when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally occurs at the time of an executed deed. When First Commonwealth finances the sale of OREO to the buyer, an assessment of whether the buyer is committed to perform their obligations under the contract is completed along with an evaluation of whether collectability of the transaction price is probable. Once these criteria are met, the OREO asset is derecognized and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon transfer of control of the property to the buyer. In determining the gain or loss on the sale, First Commonwealth adjusts the transaction price and the related gain or loss on sale if a significant financing component is present.
The following presents noninterest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20262025
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Income
In-scope of Topic 606:
Trust income$3,408 $3,022 
Service charges on deposit accounts5,530 5,438 
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions3,267 3,170 
Card-related interchange income3,661 3,654 
Gain on sale of other loans and assets191 125 
Other income640 730 
Noninterest Income (in-scope of Topic 606)16,697 16,139 
Noninterest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)7,890 6,363 
Total Noninterest Income$24,587 $22,502 
Note 16 Segment Reporting
We operate our business as a single integrated business unit that provides a number of products and services to meet our customers banking and financial needs. Our products and services include consumer lending such as secured and unsecured installment loans, home equity loans, construction and real estate loans, credit lines and credit cards. We also offer commercial customers lending and leasing products, which include real estate secured lending, equipment finance, working capital lines of credit, credit cards and construction loans. Our products also include deposit services, such as personal and business checking accounts, savings, money market and certificates of deposits. Additionally, we provide an array of cash management services, trust and wealth management services and insurance products. These services are all delivered through the same business network.
The Company’s President and CEO is the chief operating decision maker who uses consolidated net income to assess performance and profitability of our single business segment. Consolidated net income is used to assess performance by comparing results on a monthly basis, including variances to budget and prior period results. Consideration is given to performance of components of the business, such as branches and geographic regions, which are then aggregated. This information is used to achieve strategic initiatives by allowing the chief operation decision maker to manage resources that drive our business and earnings. Additionally, consolidated net income is used to benchmark the Company against its banking peers.
The accounting policies of the single business unit are the same policies as disclosed in Note 1 - "Statement of Accounting Policies" of our December 31, 2025 Form 10-K and our segment assets are the same as assets presented in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
50

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table presents information related to segment revenue, significant segment expenses and segment net income:
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20262025
(dollars in thousands)
Interest income$157,218 $147,128 
Interest expense48,244 51,606 
Net interest income108,974 95,522 
Provision for credit losses10,733 5,736 
Noninterest Income
Trust income3,408 3,022 
Service charges on deposit accounts5,530 5,438 
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions3,267 3,170 
Gain on sale of mortgage loans2,215 1,387 
Gain on sale of other loans and assets2,182 1,388 
Card-related interchange income3,661 3,654 
Other segment income (a)
4,324 4,443 
Noninterest expense
Salaries and employee benefits42,874 40,415 
Net occupancy5,565 5,729 
Furniture and equipment4,823 4,193 
Data processing4,183 3,817 
Other professional fees and services1,106 1,620 
Other segment expense (b)
17,044 15,476 
Income tax provision9,685 8,342 
Segment net income$37,548 $32,696 
Reconciliation of net income
Adjustments and reconciling items— — 
Consolidated net income$37,548 $32,696 
(a) Other segment income includes gain/loss on securities, income from bank owned life insurance, derivative mark to market, swap fee income and other miscellaneous income.
(b) Other segment expense includes FDIC insurance, loss on sale or write-down of assets, litigation and operational losses, merger related expenses and other miscellaneous expenses.

51



ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
This discussion and the related financial data are presented to assist in the understanding and evaluation of the consolidated financial condition and the results of operations of First Commonwealth Financial Corporation including its subsidiaries (“First Commonwealth”) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, and should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in this Form 10-Q.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not statements of historical fact constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Reform Act”), notwithstanding that such statements are not specifically identified as such. In addition, certain statements may be contained in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in press releases, and in oral and written statements made by us or with our approval that are not statements of historical fact and constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Reform Act. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) projections of revenues, expenses, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or nonpayment of dividends, capital structure and other financial items; (ii) statements of plans, objectives and expectations of First Commonwealth or its management or Board of Directors, including those relating to products, services or operations; (iii) statements of future economic performance or interest rates; and (iv) statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could” or “may,” are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in such statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
•Local, regional, national and international economic conditions and the impact they may have on us and our customers and our assessment of that impact.
•Volatility and disruption in national and international financial markets.
•The effects of and changes in trade and monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve Board and the implementation of tariffs and other protectionist trade policies.
•Government intervention in the U.S. financial system.
•Changes in the mix of loan geographies, sectors and types or the level of non-performing assets and charge-offs.
•Changes in estimates of future reserve requirements based upon the periodic review thereof under relevant regulatory and accounting requirements.
•Inflation, interest rate, securities market and monetary fluctuations.
•The effect of changes in laws and regulations (including laws and regulations concerning taxes, banking, securities and insurance) with which we and our subsidiaries must comply.
•The soundness of other financial institutions.
•Political instability.
•Impairment of our goodwill or other intangible assets.
•Acts of God or of war or terrorism.
•The timely development and acceptance of new products and services and perceived overall value of these products and services by users.
•Changes in consumer spending, borrowings and savings habits.
•Changes in the financial performance and/or condition of our borrowers.
•Technological changes.
•The cost and effects of cyber incidents or other failures, interruption or security breaches of our systems or those of third-party providers.
•Acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses.
•Our ability to increase market share and control expenses.
•Our ability to attract and retain qualified employees.
•Changes in the competitive environment in our markets and among banking organizations and other financial service providers.
•The effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and other accounting standard setters.
•Changes in the reliability of our vendors, internal control systems or information systems.
•Changes in our liquidity position.
•Changes in our organization, compensation and benefit plans.
52

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


•The costs and effects of legal and regulatory developments, the resolution of legal proceedings or regulatory or other governmental inquiries, the results of regulatory examinations or reviews and the ability to obtain required regulatory approvals.
•Greater than expected costs or difficulties related to the integration of new products and lines of business.
•Our success at managing the risks involved in the foregoing items.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made. We do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Explanation of Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to the results of operations presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), First Commonwealth management uses, and this quarterly report contains or references, certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide information that is useful to investors in understanding our underlying operational performance and our business and performance trends as they facilitate comparison with the performance of others in the financial services industry. Although we believe that these non-GAAP financial measures enhance investors’ understanding of our business and performance, these non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered an alternative to GAAP.
We believe the presentation of net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis ensures comparability of net interest income arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources and is consistent with industry practice. Interest income per the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income is reconciled to net interest income adjusted to a fully taxable equivalent basis on pages 57 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
53

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES



Selected Financial Data
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, which follows, and with the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes. 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20262025
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Net Income$37,548 $32,696 
Per Share Data:
Basic Earnings per Share$0.37 $0.32 
Diluted Earnings per Share0.37 0.32 
Cash Dividends Declared per Common Share0.135 0.130 
Average Balance:
Total assets$12,224,806 $11,680,688 
Total equity1,562,242 1,429,013 
End of Period Balance:
Net loans and leases (1)
$9,336,280 $9,014,796 
Total assets12,262,572 11,786,398 
Total deposits10,409,893 9,861,657 
Total equity1,552,697 1,447,051 
Key Ratios:
Return on average assets1.25 %1.14 %
Return on average equity9.75 %9.28 %
Dividends payout ratio36.49 %40.63 %
Average equity to average assets ratio12.78 %12.23 %
Net interest margin3.92 %3.62 %
Net loans to deposits ratio89.69 %91.41 %
(1) Includes loans held for sale.

Results of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Net Income
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, First Commonwealth had net income of $37.5 million, or $0.37 diluted earnings per share, compared to net income of $32.7 million, or $0.32 diluted earnings per share, in the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in net income was primarily the result of a $13.5 million increase in net interest income and $2.1 million increase in noninterest income, offset by a $5.0 million increase in the provision for credit losses and a $4.3 million increase in noninterest expense.
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company’s return on average equity was 9.75% and its return on average assets was 1.25%, compared to 9.28% and 1.14%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income, on a fully taxable equivalent basis, was $109.3 million in the first three months of 2026, compared to $95.9 million for the same period in 2025. The increase in net interest income can be attributed to a 29 basis point decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities and an 8 basis point increase in the yield on interest-earning assets. Net interest income comprises the majority of our operating revenue (net interest income before provision expense plus noninterest income), at 81.6% and 80.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
54

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The net interest margin on a fully taxable equivalent basis was 3.92% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 3.62% for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The net interest margin is affected by changes in the level of interest rates and the amount and composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
The taxable equivalent yield on interest-earning assets was 5.65% for the three months ended March 31, 2026, an increase of eight basis points compared to the 5.57% yield for the same period in 2025. The yield on interest-earning assets benefited as the yield on adjustable and fixed rate commercial loans increased 18 basis points and 55 basis points, respectively. Additionally, the yield on fixed rate consumer loans increased by 33 basis points. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, four basis points of the yield on interest-earning assets can be attributed to the recognition of $1.3 million in accretion of purchase accounting marks. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, accretion of purchase accounting marks contributed $1.2 million, or five basis points, to the yield on interest-earning assets.
The investment portfolio yield decreased 3 basis points in comparison to the prior year primarily due to a decline in market rates. Additionally, the average balance of investments decreased $70.3 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025. Lower interest rates in the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the prior year resulted in a 88 basis point decrease in the yield on interest-bearing deposits with banks, while the average balance increased from $76.8 million in 2025 to $207.8 million in 2026.
The cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased to 2.38% for the three months ended March 31, 2026, from 2.67% for the same period in 2025. The cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 27 basis points and short-term borrowings decreased 72 basis points in comparison to the same period last year. The cost of interest-bearing deposits was impacted by declines in market interest rates as well as changes in the mix of deposits due to growth in money market and time deposits. Comparing the three months ended March 31, 2026 with the comparable period in 2025, average time deposits increased $56.9 million, or 3.2%, with a decrease in the cost of these deposits of 52 basis points. Contributing to the average growth in time deposits was an average of $90.3 million acquired as part of the Center acquisition in the second quarter of 2025. Other interest-bearing deposits increased on average $375.3 million, or 6.5%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the cost of these deposits decreased 18 basis points. Average growth in other-interest bearing deposits attributable to the Center acquisition totaled $146.2 million. Compared to the prior period, short-term borrowings decreased an average of $19.0 million and long-term debt decreased an average of $54.4 million compared to the prior period as a result of the payoff of $129.4 million FHLB debt during the first quarter of 2026.
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, changes in rates positively impacted net interest income by $7.4 million when compared to the same period in 2025. The yield on interest-earning assets positively impacted net interest income by $1.9 million and the decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities positively impacted net interest income by $5.5 million.
Changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities positively impacted net interest income by $6.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, as compared to the same period in 2025. Higher levels of interest-earning assets resulted in an increase of $8.2 million in interest income, while changes in the volume and mix of interest-bearing liabilities increased interest expense by $2.1 million. Average interest-earning assets for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased $558.1 million, or 5.2%, compared to the same period in 2025. Average loans for the comparable period increased $497.4 million, or 5.5%, and average investments decreased $70.3 million, or 4.4%. Average loans attributable to the Center acquisition for the three months ended March 31, 2026 totaled $292.6 million.
Net interest income was positively impacted by a $199.3 million increase in average net free funds for the three months ended March 31, 2026 as compared to the corresponding period in 2025. Average net free funds are the excess of noninterest-bearing demand deposits, other noninterest-bearing liabilities and shareholders’ equity over noninterest-earning assets. The level of net free funds was impacted by growth in average noninterest-bearing demand deposits, as well as higher average shareholders' equity due to retained earnings and stock issued for the Center acquisition. Average noninterest-bearing demand deposits for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased $86.4 million, or 3.8%, compared to the same period in 2025, while interest-bearing demand deposits increased $375.3 million, or 6.5%.
55

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following table reconciles interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income to net interest income adjusted to a fully taxable equivalent basis for the three months ended March 31:
 
20262025
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest income per Consolidated Statements of Income$157,218 $147,128 
Adjustment to fully taxable equivalent basis361 335 
Interest income adjusted to fully taxable equivalent basis (non-GAAP)157,579 147,463 
Interest expense48,244 51,606 
Net interest income adjusted to fully taxable equivalent basis (non-GAAP)$109,335 $95,857 

56

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following is an analysis of the average balance sheet and net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis for the three months ended March 31:
 
 20262025
 Average
Balance		Income /
Expense (a)		Yield
or
Rate		Average
Balance		Income /
Expense (a)		Yield
or
Rate
 (dollars in thousands)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$207,792 $1,967 3.84 %$76,836 $894 4.72 %
Tax-free investment securities16,153 109 2.74 18,407 120 2.64 
Taxable investment securities1,513,619 13,264 3.55 1,581,640 14,005 3.59 
Loans and leases, net of unearned income (b)(c)
9,566,302 142,239 6.03 9,068,872 132,444 5.92 
Total interest-earning assets11,303,866 157,579 5.65 10,745,755 147,463 5.57 
Noninterest-earning assets:
Cash110,558 107,328 
Allowance for credit losses(127,269)(120,552)
Other assets937,651 948,157 
Total noninterest-earning assets920,940 934,933 
Total Assets$12,224,806 $11,680,688 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand deposits
$1,805,168 $5,616 1.26 %$1,853,673 $6,705 1.47 %
Savings deposits4,340,029 23,915 2.23 3,916,225 23,603 2.44 
Time deposits1,820,411 15,920 3.55 1,763,492 17,696 4.07 
Short-term borrowings31,766 169 2.16 50,725 360 2.88 
Long-term debt208,363 2,624 5.11 262,809 3,242 5.00 
Total interest-bearing liabilities8,205,737 48,244 2.38 7,846,924 51,606 2.67 
Noninterest-bearing liabilities and shareholders’ equity:
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
2,339,160 2,252,794 
Other liabilities117,667 151,957 
Shareholders’ equity1,562,242 1,429,013 
Total Noninterest-Bearing Funding Sources4,019,069 3,833,764 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity$12,224,806 $11,680,688 
Net Interest Income and Net Yield on Interest-Earning Assets$109,335 3.92 %$95,857 3.62 %
(a)Income on interest-earning assets has been computed on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the 21% federal income tax statutory rate for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
(b)Loan balances include held for sale and nonaccrual loans. Income on nonaccrual loans is accounted for on the cash basis.
(c)Loan income includes loan fees earned.


 
57

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following table shows the effect of changes in volumes and rates on interest income and interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared with March 31, 2025:
 
 Analysis of Year-to-Year Changes in Net Interest Income
 Total
Change		Change Due To
Volume		Change Due To
Rate (a)
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$1,073 $1,524 $(451)
Tax-free investment securities(11)(15)4 
Taxable investment securities(741)(602)(139)
Loans and leases9,795 7,261 2,534 
Total interest income (b)10,116 8,168 1,948 
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand deposits(1,089)(176)(913)
Savings deposits312 2,550 (2,238)
Time deposits(1,776)571 (2,347)
Short-term borrowings(191)(135)(56)
Long-term debt(618)(671)53 
Total interest expense(3,362)2,139 (5,501)
Net interest income$13,478 $6,029 $7,449 
(a)Changes in interest income or expense not arising solely as a result of volume or rate variances are allocated to rate variances.
(b)Changes in interest income have been computed on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the 21% federal income tax statutory rate.

Provision for Credit Losses
The provision for credit losses is determined based on management’s estimates of the appropriate level of the allowance for credit losses needed for expected losses inherent in the loan portfolio and off-balance sheet commitments. The provision for credit losses is an amount added to the allowance, against which credit losses are charged.  
58

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The table below provides a breakout of the provision for credit losses by loan category for the three months ended March 31: 
 20262025
 DollarsPercentageDollarsPercentage
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$8,229 71 %$2,543 62 %
Time and demand5,431 47 459 11 
Commercial credit cards171 1 104 2 
Equipment finance1,914 17 1,377 33 
Time and demand other713 6 603 15 
Real estate construction(381)(3)802 19 
Construction other(231)(2)759 18 
Construction residential(150)(1)43 1 
Residential real estate435 4 (87)(2)
Residential first lien401 4 (138)(3)
Residential junior lien/home equity34 — 51 1 
Commercial real estate1,791 15 (553)(13)
Multifamily1,994 17 47 1 
Non-owner occupied(950)(8)(754)(18)
Owner occupied747 6 154 4 
Loans to individuals1,502 13 1,418 34 
Automobile and recreational vehicles1,225 11 1,315 32 
Consumer credit cards51 — 59 1 
Consumer other226 2 44 1 
Provision for credit losses on loans and leases$11,576 100 %$4,123 100 %
Provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure(843)1,613 
       Total provision for credit losses$10,733 $5,736 
Total provision expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026, increased $5.0 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025. Included in the provision for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 is $7.4 million in reserves related to two individually analyzed time and demand loans and $2.2 million in reserves for one individually analyzed multifamily real estate loan, all of which were moved to nonaccrual during the first quarter of 2026. Provision expense for the period was also impacted by $0.7 million recognized as charge-offs for two commercial loan relationships moved to held for sale.
Also impacting provision expense in the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $0.8 million in negative provision expense related to the reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures. The level of provision for off-balance sheet exposure in 2026 is primarily due to decreased commercial and residential construction commitments.
The provision expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 is primarily attributed to growth in equipment finance and automobile and recreational vehicles loans as well as an increase in the provision for off-balance sheet commitments due to higher balances of commercial construction loan commitments.
The allowance for credit losses was $129.2 million, or 1.37%, of total loans and leases outstanding at March 31, 2026, compared to $125.8 million, or 1.32%, at December 31, 2025 and $119.9 million, or 1.32%, at March 31, 2025. Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans and leases increased to 0.98% at March 31, 2026 from 0.65% as of March 31, 2025 and 0.97% at December 31, 2025. The allowance to nonperforming loan ratio was 141.70%, 137.07% and 201.89% as of March 31, 2026, December 31, 2025 and March 31, 2025, respectively.
 
Management believes that the allowance for credit losses is at a level deemed appropriate to absorb expected losses inherent in the loan portfolio at March 31, 2026.
59

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Below is an analysis of the consolidated allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 and the year-ended December 31, 2025:
 
March 31, 2026March 31, 2025December 31, 2025
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$125,768 $118,906 $118,906 
Day 1 allowance for credit loss on PCD acquired loans— — 3,560 
Provision for credit losses - acquisition day 1 non-PCD— — 3,379 
Loans charged off:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other4,014 4,019 20,252 
Real estate construction326 — 1,294 
Residential real estate145 108 745 
Commercial real estate2,308 1,464 7,188 
Loans to individuals2,644 2,419 8,887 
Total loans charged off9,437 8,010 38,366 
Recoveries of loans previously charged off:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other406 3,690 5,118 
Real estate construction— — — 
Residential real estate26 137 234 
Commercial real estate40 156 217 
Loans to individuals804 929 3,422 
Total recoveries1,276 4,912 8,991 
Net charge-offs8,161 3,098 29,375 
Provision for credit losses on loans and leases charged to expense11,576 4,123 29,298 
Balance, end of period$129,183 $119,931 $125,768 
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases outstanding (annualized)0.35 %0.14 %0.31 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans and leases outstanding1.37 %1.32 %1.32 %
60

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Noninterest Income
The following table presents the components of noninterest income for the three months ended March 31: 
20262025$ Change% Change
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Income:
Trust income$3,408 $3,022 $386 13 %
Service charges on deposit accounts5,530 5,438 92 2 
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions3,267 3,170 97 3 
Income from bank owned life insurance1,796 1,502 294 20 
Card-related interchange income3,661 3,654 7 — 
Swap fee income122 835 (713)(85)
Other income2,183 2,255 (72)(3)
Subtotal19,967 19,876 91 — 
Net securities gains (losses)229 (5,142)5,371 (104)
Gain on sale of VISA— 5,146 (5,146)(100)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans2,215 1,387 828 60 
Gain on sale of other loans and assets2,182 1,388 794 57 
Derivatives mark to market(6)(153)147 (96)
Total noninterest income$24,587 $22,502 $2,085 9 %
Total noninterest income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased $2.1 million, or 9%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025. This is primarily the result of an $0.8 million increase in the gain on sale of mortgage loans and a $0.8 million increase in the gain on sale of other loans and assets. Included in gain on sale of other loans and assets for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $0.4 million related to changes in the value of loans held for sale. Trust income increased $0.4 million due to revenue for assets under management and income from bank owned life insurance increased $0.3 million largely due to a stable value wrap restructure completed in the first quarter of 2025. Offsetting these increases, was a decrease of $0.7 million in swap fee income as a result of lower volume for new interest rate swaps entered into by our commercial loan customers.
Other items impacting noninterest income in the three months ended March 31, 2025 include gains on the sale of VISA shares of $5.1 million, offset by net security losses of $5.1 million, resulting from the sale of available for sale securities that were sold in order to reinvest into higher yielding investments.
61

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Noninterest Expense
The following table presents the components of noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31: 
20262025$ Change% Change
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Expense:
Salaries and employee benefits$42,874 $40,415 $2,459 6 %
Net occupancy5,565 5,729 (164)(3)
Furniture and equipment4,823 4,193 630 15 
Data processing4,183 3,817 366 10 
Advertising and promotion1,671 1,372 299 22 
Pennsylvania shares tax1,330 1,337 (7)(1)
Intangible amortization1,364 1,131 233 21 
Other professional fees and services1,106 1,620 (514)(32)
FDIC insurance1,589 1,379 210 15 
Other operating9,549 9,140 409 4 
Subtotal74,054 70,133 3,921 6 
Loss on sale or write-down of assets567 215 352 164 
Litigation and operational losses857 793 64 8 
Loss on early redemption of subordinated debt— — — — 
Merger and acquisition related117 109 8 7 
Total noninterest expense$75,595 $71,250 $4,345 6 %
Noninterest expense increased $4.3 million, or 6%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025. This increase is primarily the result of a $2.5 million increase in salaries and benefits expense. Contributing to the higher salary expense in 2026 was a higher number of full time equivalent employees, partially due to the Center acquisition. The number of full time equivalent employees totaled 1,538 at March 31, 2025 and 1,592 at March 31, 2026.
Furniture and equipment expense increased $0.6 million, primarily due to higher software related expenses. The decrease in other professional fees and services is a result of services and advisors contracted for several areas in the prior period, none of which were individually material.
Income Tax
The provision for income taxes increased $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to the corresponding period in 2025, primarily due to the higher level of income before tax. 
We applied the “annual effective tax rate approach” to determine the provision for income taxes, which applies an annual forecast of tax expense as a percentage of expected full year income, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
We generate an annual effective tax rate that is less than the statutory rate of 21% due to benefits resulting from tax-exempt interest, income from bank-owned life insurance and tax benefits associated with low income housing tax credits, all of which are relatively consistent regardless of the level of pretax income. These provided for an effective tax rate of 20.5% and 20.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
As of March 31, 2026, our deferred tax assets totaled $43.0 million. Based on our evaluation, we determined that it is more likely than not that all of these assets will be realized. As a result, a valuation allowance against these assets was not recorded. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, we estimate future taxable income based on management approved forecasts, evaluation of historical earnings levels and consideration of potential tax strategies. If future events differ from our current forecasts, we may need to establish a valuation allowance, which could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Liquidity
Liquidity refers to our ability to meet the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers, as well as our operating cash needs, with cost-effective funding. We generate funds to meet these needs primarily through the core deposit base of First
62

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Commonwealth Bank and the maturity or repayment of loans and other interest-earning assets, including investments. During the first three months of 2026, the sale, maturity and redemption of investment securities provided $100.0 million in liquidity. These funds contributed to the liquidity available to originate loans, purchase investment securities and fund depositor withdrawals.
The following represents our expanded sources of liquidity as of March 31, 2026:
Total AvailableAmount UsedOutstanding Letters of CreditNet Available
(dollars in thousands)
Internal liquidity sources
Unencumbered securities$629,653 $— $— $629,653 
Other (excess pledged)129,728 — — 129,728 
External liquidity sources
FHLB advances2,735,007 — 7,575 2,727,432 
FRB borrowings1,069,267 — — 1,069,267 
Lines with other financial institutions160,000 — — 160,000 
CDARs (1)
1,223,304 15,016 — 1,208,288 
Total liquidity$5,946,959 $15,016 $7,575 $5,924,368 
(1) Reflects internal policy limit. Maximum capacity with CDARs is $1.8 billion.
Our participation in the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Services (“CDARS”) program is part of an Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”) strategy to increase and diversify funding sources. As of March 31, 2026, the outstanding CDARS balance of $15.0 million carried an average weighted rate of 2.95% and an average original term of 322 days. These deposits are part of a reciprocal program that allows our depositors to receive expanded FDIC coverage by placing multiple certificates of deposit at other CDARS member banks.
Liquidity available through the Federal Reserve is a result of the FRB Borrower-in-Custody of Collateral program, which enables us to take certain loans that are not being used as collateral at the FHLB and pledge them as collateral for borrowings at the FRB. 
First Commonwealth’s long-term liquidity source is its core deposit base. Core deposits are the most stable source of liquidity a bank can have due to the long-term relationship with a deposit customer. The following table shows a breakdown of the components of First Commonwealth’s deposits: 
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
AmountOriginated
Acquired(a)
Amount
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits$2,370,132 $2,331,287 $41,484 $2,372,771 
Interest-bearing demand deposits1,835,503 1,782,509 13,004 1,795,513 
Savings deposits4,402,789 4,108,572 133,190 4,241,762 
Time deposits1,801,469 1,750,616 90,307 1,840,923 
Total$10,409,893 $9,972,984 $277,985 $10,250,969 
(a)Reflects the deposit balances, including purchase accounting marks, of deposits acquired from Center as of the acquisition date of April 30, 2025.
The level of deposits during any period is influenced by factors outside of management’s control, such as the level of short-term and long-term market interest rates and yields offered on competing investments, such as money market mutual funds.
During the first three months of 2026, total deposits increased $158.9 million. Interest-bearing demand and savings deposits increased $201.0 million, time deposits decreased $39.5 million, and noninterest-bearing demand deposits decreased $2.6 million.
The estimated total of uninsured deposits was $3.0 billion and $2.9 billion at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, of which $0.8 billion were secured by pledged investment securities or letters of credit as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. Uninsured amounts are estimated based on known account relationships for each depositor and insurance guidelines provided by the FDIC.
63

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Market Risk
The following gap analysis compares the difference between the amount of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities subject to repricing over a period of time. The ratio of rate-sensitive assets to rate-sensitive liabilities repricing within a one-year period was 0.71 and 0.70 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. A ratio of less than one indicates a higher level of repricing liabilities over repricing assets over the next twelve months. The level of First Commonwealth's ratio is largely driven by the modeling of interest-bearing non-maturity deposits, which are included in the analysis as repricing within one year.
Gap analysis has limitations due to the static nature of the model, which holds volumes and consumer behaviors constant in all economic and interest rate scenarios. A lower level of rate sensitive assets to rate sensitive liabilities repricing in one year could indicate reduced net interest income in a rising interest rate scenario, and conversely, increased net interest income in a declining interest rate scenario. However, the gap analysis incorporates only the level of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and not the sensitivity each has to changes in interest rates. The impact of the sensitivity to changes in interest rates is provided in the table below the gap analysis.
The following is the gap analysis as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025: 
 March 31, 2026
 0-90 Days91-180
Days		181-365
Days		Cumulative
0-365 Days		Over 1 Year
Through 5
Years		Over 5
Years
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans and leases$3,935,060 $491,170 $757,250 $5,183,480 $3,367,870 $750,407 
Investments109,798 68,251 126,887 304,936 716,148 686,114 
Other interest-earning assets223,523 — — 223,523 — 1,283 
Total interest-sensitive assets (ISA)4,268,381 559,421 884,137 5,711,939 4,084,018 1,437,804 
Certificates of deposit675,028 766,072 292,421 1,733,521 69,223 998 
Other deposits6,238,292 — — 6,238,292 — — 
Borrowings101,867 — — 101,867 50,000 — 
Total interest-sensitive liabilities (ISL)7,015,187 766,072 292,421 8,073,680 119,223 998 
Gap$(2,746,806)$(206,651)$591,716 $(2,361,741)$3,964,795 $1,436,806 
ISA/ISL0.61 0.73 3.02 0.71 34.26 1,440.69 
Gap/Total assets22.40 %1.69 %4.83 %19.26 %32.33 %11.72 %

 
 December 31, 2025
 0-90 Days91-180
Days		181-365
Days		Cumulative
0-365 Days		Over 1 Year
Through 5
Years		Over 5
Years
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans and leases$3,962,518 $534,440 $846,281 $5,343,239 $3,308,592 $724,461 
Investments83,620 64,581 134,135 282,336 676,118 657,200 
Other interest-earning assets75,812 — — 75,812 — 1,270 
Total interest-sensitive assets (ISA)4,121,950 599,021 980,416 5,701,387 3,984,710 1,382,931 
Certificates of deposit770,770 629,285 367,335 1,767,390 72,102 916 
Other deposits6,037,275 — — 6,037,275 — — 
Borrowings227,167 215 127,431 354,813 51,693 — 
Total interest-sensitive liabilities (ISL)7,035,212 629,500 494,766 8,159,478 123,795 916 
Gap$(2,913,262)$(30,479)$485,650 $(2,458,091)$3,860,915 $1,382,015 
ISA/ISL0.59 0.95 1.98 0.70 32.19 1,509.75 
Gap/Total assets23.60 %0.25 %3.93 %19.91 %31.28 %11.20 %

64

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following table presents an analysis of the potential sensitivity of our annual net interest income to gradual changes in interest rates over a 12-month time frame as compared with net interest income if rates remained unchanged and there are no changes in balance sheet categories.
 
 Net interest income change (12 months) for basis point movements of:
 -200-100+100+200
 (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2026 ($)$(1,746)$(911)$5,004 $9,223 
March 31, 2026 (%)(0.39)%(0.20)%1.12 %2.06 %
December 31, 2025 ($)$(1,761)$(979)$4,114 $8,173 
December 31, 2025 (%)(0.40)%(0.22)%0.95 %1.88 %
The following table represents the potential sensitivity of our annual net interest income to immediate changes in interest rates versus if rates remained unchanged and there are no changes in balance sheet categories.
 Net interest income change (12 months) for basis point movements of:
 -200-100+100+200
 (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2026 ($)$(7,995)$(3,241)$13,788 $25,607 
March 31, 2026 (%)(1.78)%(0.72)%3.08 %5.71 %
December 31, 2025 ($)$(9,798)$(4,118)$13,061 $25,334 
December 31, 2025 (%)(2.25)%(0.95)%3.00 %5.82 %
The Company evaluates its potential interest rate sensitivity by utilizing several interest rate scenarios that incorporate both rising and declining rates. Results of these scenarios are impacted by variables that include the current level of interest rates, product characteristics such as floors and ceilings, the frequency with which variable rate products reset their rates, and projected pricing changes for non-maturity deposits. For example, the results in a declining rate scenario could be affected by the model's use of an assumed interest rate floor of zero. For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the cost of our interest-bearing liabilities averaged 2.38% and 2.67%, respectively, and the yield on our average interest-earning assets, on a fully taxable equivalent basis, averaged 5.65% and 5.57%, respectively.
Asset/liability models require that certain assumptions be made, such as prepayment rates on earning assets and the impact of pricing on non-maturity deposits, which may differ from actual experience. These business assumptions are based upon our experience, business plans and published industry experience. While management believes such assumptions to be reasonable, there can be no assurance that modeled results will approximate actual results.
Credit Risk
Management of credit risk within our loan and lease portfolio is a focus of the Company and is a continuous process in order to address changing economic and lending environments. Segment and concentration limits are established and approved by our Board of Directors’ Risk Committee in order to maintain alignment with our credit risk appetite, loan strategic plan, loan policy and underwriting guidelines. In addition, our Credit Department completes industry studies to identify potential risk in the portfolio. For example, within the commercial real estate portfolio, industry studies are completed for the following sectors: hospitality, industrial, multifamily, office, retail, senior living, healthcare and student housing. All industry studies are completed on an annual basis with the exception of senior living and healthcare which are completed every other year.
On an annual basis, the Credit Department also reviews the commercial real estate portfolio as a whole, along with underwriting practices and loan level stress testing procedures, to enhance risk management practices and monitor commercial real estate concentrations. This review provides an overview of the portfolio to ensure that emerging risks have been identified, and documents and validates the standard interest rate and capitalization rate stress scenarios.
First Commonwealth maintains an allowance for credit losses at a level deemed sufficient for losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio at the date of each statement of financial condition. Management reviews the appropriateness of the allowance on a quarterly basis to ensure that the provision for credit losses has been charged against earnings in an amount necessary to maintain the allowance at a level that is appropriate based on management’s assessment of estimated expected losses.
65

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


First Commonwealth’s methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses consists of several key elements. These elements include an assessment of individual nonperforming loans with a balance greater than $250 thousand, loss experience trends and other relevant factors.
First Commonwealth also maintains a reserve for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit based upon credit risk and probability of funding. The reserve totaled $7.3 million at March 31, 2026 and is classified in "Other liabilities" on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
We discontinue interest accruals on a loan when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to fully collect principal or interest due according to the contractual terms of the loan. A loan is also placed on nonaccrual status when, based on regulatory definitions, the loan is maintained on a “cash basis” due to the weakened financial condition of the borrower. Generally, loans 90 days or more past due are placed on nonaccrual status, except for consumer loans, which are placed on nonaccrual status at 150 days past due. Consumer loans related to automobile and recreational vehicles are either charged off or repossessed at no later than 90 days past due.
Nonperforming loans are closely monitored on an ongoing basis as part of our loan review and work-out process. The probable risk of loss on these loans is evaluated by comparing the loan balance to the estimated fair value of any underlying collateral or the present value of projected future cash flows. Losses or a specifically assigned allowance for loan losses are recognized where appropriate.
Nonperforming loans and leases, including loans held for sale, increased $0.6 million to $92.3 million at March 31, 2026, compared to $91.8 million at December 31, 2025. During the first three months of 2026, a total of $24.6 million in loans were moved to a nonperforming status. This total includes three commercial relationships totaling $20.5 million. As of March 31, 2026, reserves of $9.6 million are included in the allowance for credit losses for these relationships. Offsetting the additions to nonperforming was the transfer of two commercial relationships back to accrual status totaling $8.6 million, releasing $2.3 million in reserves from the allowance for credit losses. Additionally, two commercial relationships totaling $5.4 million were transferred to held for sale, recognizing $0.6 million in charge-offs and a $3.2 million commercial relationship was resolved with the Company accepting $1.3 million as satisfaction for the loan balance, recognizing a charge-off of $1.9 million, for which $1.7 million was provided for at December 31, 2025. Also impacting nonperforming loan balances in the first quarter of 2026, was a $1.7 million paydown of a $2.5 million dealer floor plan relationship with the Company recognizing a previously provided for charge-off of $0.7 million. Charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2026 totaled $9.4 million. Subsequent to March 31, 2026, two individually analyzed nonaccrual commercial credits, with an outstanding balance of $5.6 million and associated reserves of $3.3 million, were sold or paid off. This resulted in an additional chargeoff of $0.1 million in the second quarter of 2026.
The allowance for credit losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans was 141.70% as of March 31, 2026, compared to 137.07% at December 31, 2025, and 201.89% at March 31, 2025. The amount of individually analyzed reserves included in the allowance for nonperforming loans and leases was determined by using fair values obtained from current appraisals. The allowance for credit losses includes specific allocations of $14.0 million and general reserves of $115.2 million as of March 31, 2026. Specific reserves increased $4.1 million in comparison to December 31, 2025 and $6.1 million from March 31, 2025. The increase in specific reserves compared to December 31, 2025 is primarily due to specific reserves applied to individually analyzed loans moved to nonperforming during the quarter.
Criticized loans totaled $284.6 million at March 31, 2026 and represented 3.0% of the loan portfolio. The level of criticized loans increased as of March 31, 2026 when compared to December 31, 2025, by $17.5 million, or 7%. Classified loans totaled $136.9 million at March 31, 2026 compared to $139.4 million at December 31, 2025, a decrease of $2.5 million, or 2%. The higher level of classified loans can be attributed to changes in nonperforming loans as previously discussed.
The allowance for credit losses was $129.2 million at March 31, 2026, or 1.37% of total loans and leases outstanding, compared to 1.32% reported at December 31, 2025, and 1.32% at March 31, 2025. General reserves, or the portion of the allowance related to loans that were not individually analyzed, as a percentage of performing loans were 1.75% at March 31, 2026 compared to 1.22% at December 31, 2025 and 1.24% at March 31, 2025.
66

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following table provides information related to nonperforming assets, the allowance for credit losses and other credit-related measurements:
 March 31, December 31, 2025 
 2026 2025 
 (dollars in thousands) 
Nonperforming Loans:
Loans on nonaccrual basis$50,260 $37,520 $51,151   
Loans on a nonaccrual basis - with government guarantees27,028 13,016 30,325 
Loans held for sale on a nonaccrual basis1,149 — —   
Loans on nonaccrual basis - acquired12,844 8,211 9,393   
Loans on nonaccrual basis - acquired with government guarantees1,032 658 887   
    Total nonperforming loans$92,313   $59,405   $91,756   
Loans past due 30 to 90 days and still accruing$45,876 $34,075 $35,792 
Loans past due in excess of 90 days and still accruing$2,927   $1,156   $1,288   
Other real estate owned$221   $1,270   $990   
Loans held for sale at end of period$31,638 $41,587 $271,452 
Portfolio loans and leases outstanding at end of period$9,433,825   $9,093,140 $9,508,039   
Average loans and leases outstanding$9,566,302 (a) $9,068,872 (a) $9,474,491 (b) 
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans and leases0.98 %0.65 %0.97 %
Provision for credit losses on loans and leases (e)
$11,576 (a) $4,123 (a) $29,298 (b) 
Provision for credit losses - acquisition day 1 non-PCD$— $— $3,759 
Allowance for credit losses$129,183   $119,931   $125,768   
Net charge-offs$8,161 (a) $3,098 (a) $29,375 (b) 
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases outstanding (annualized)0.35 %0.14 %0.31 %
Provision for credit losses as a percentage of net charge-offs (e)
141.85 %(a) 133.09 %(a) 99.74 %(b) 
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans and leases outstanding (c)
1.37 %1.32 %1.32 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans (d)
141.70 %201.89 %137.07 %
(a)For the three-month period ended.
(b)For the twelve-month period ended.
(c)Does not include loans held for sale.
(d)Does not include nonperforming loans held for sale.
(e)Does not include provision for credit losses on loans and leases - acquisition day 1 non-PCD.
The following tables show the outstanding balances of our loan and lease portfolio and the breakdown of net charge-offs and nonperforming loans, excluding loans held for sale, by loan type as of and for the periods presented:
 
 March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 Amount%Legacy
Acquired(a)
Amount%
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$2,061,894 22 %$1,983,756 $61,233 $2,044,989 22 %
Real estate construction436,237 5 429,265 33,521 462,786 5 
Residential real estate2,351,601 25 2,277,365 82,920 2,360,285 25 
Commercial real estate3,148,767 33 3,067,542 114,567 3,182,109 33 
Loans to individuals1,435,326 15 1,457,493 377 1,457,870 15 
Total loans and leases, net of unearned income$9,433,825 100 %$9,215,421 $292,618 $9,508,039 100 %
(a)Reflects the balances, excluding loans held for sale and including purchase accounting marks, of loans acquired from Center as of the acquisition date of April 30, 2025.
67

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


During the three months ended March 31, 2026, loans decreased $74.2 million compared to balances outstanding at December 31, 2025.
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other loans increased $16.9 million, or 0.8%; $53.5 million of growth occurred in the equipment finance portfolio offset by a $29.6 million decrease in the time and demand portfolio. Real estate construction loans decreased $26.5 million, or 5.7%, due to commercial real estate projects that were completed and moved to permanent funding. Residential real estate decreased $8.7 million, or 0.4%, primarily due to a decline in residential first lien loans. Commercial real estate loans decreased $33.3 million, or 1.0%, as a result of decline in loans secured by non-owner occupied commercial real estate. Loans to individuals decreased $22.5 million, or 1.5%, primarily due to a decrease in the automobile and recreational vehicles portfolio.
Commercial real estate comprises 33% of our total loan portfolio. Commercial real estate loans are collateralized by real estate properties including, but not limited to, multifamily properties, office, retail, hotels and student housing. The following table summarizes the commercial real estate portfolio by type of property securing the credit.
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
Amount%Amount%
(dollars in thousands)
Land$5,130 0.2 %$8,757 0.3 %
Residential 1-420,312 0.6 5,380 0.2 
Industrial and storage638,103 20.3 645,211 20.3 
Multifamily612,345 19.4 576,299 18.1 
Office458,649 14.6 470,133 14.8 
Healthcare141,606 4.5 143,056 4.5 
Student housing100,292 3.2 139,645 4.4 
Retail762,595 24.2 774,070 24.3 
Hospitality226,550 7.2 238,531 7.4 
Specialty use181,293 5.7 178,940 5.6 
Other1,892 0.1 2,087 0.1 
Total$3,148,767 100.0 %$3,182,109 100.0 %
The following tables represent our commercial real estate portfolio by type of property securing the credit as of March 31, 2026. Total non-pass commercial real estate loans increased by $19.8 million to $147.3 million when compared to December 31, 2025.
PassOAEMSubstandard AccruingSubstandard NonaccruingTotal Non-PassTotal% Non-Pass
(dollars in thousands)
Land$5,130 $— $— $— $— $5,130 — %
Residential 1-420,041 — 271 — 271 20,312 1.3 
Industrial and storage624,412 9,025 3,931 735 13,691 638,103 2.1 
Multifamily575,789 16,220 376 19,960 36,556 612,345 6.0 
Office414,620 22,745 14,441 6,843 44,029 458,649 9.6 
Healthcare136,937 1,951 2,680 38 4,669 141,606 3.3 
Student housing95,321 4,971 — — 4,971 100,292 5.0 
Retail744,446 3,270 10,481 4,398 18,149 762,595 2.4 
Hospitality214,110 12,440 — — 12,440 226,550 5.5 
Specialty use168,889 10,990 624 790 12,404 181,293 6.8 
Other1,808 84 — — 84 1,892 4.4 
Total$3,001,503 $81,696 $32,804 $32,764 $147,264 $3,148,767 4.7 %
The office portfolio comprises 14% of total commercial real estate loans and 30% of total commercial real estate non-pass loans. The average loan commitment size for the office portfolio is $0.9 million and the average outstanding balance as of
68

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


March 31, 2026 is $0.9 million. Within the office portfolio, exposures over $1.0 million have an average debt service coverage ratio of 1.46x, which exceeds our internal guidelines of 1.25x to 1.50x, depending on property class. Additionally, for loans with exposure over $1.0 million, the office portfolio has a weighted average loan to value of 45.0% compared to internal guidelines of 60-75%, depending on property class. Our current measure is based off of the most recent appraisal on file, the majority of which are from origination.
As previously noted, portfolio segment limits are approved by our Board of Directors' Risk Committee. These segment limits incorporate loan commitments and are based off of total Tier 1 capital plus the allowable allowance for credit losses. In the second quarter of 2024, after considering the current environment and potential risks related to the office portfolio, the segment limit for the office portfolio was decreased from 65% to 50%, with the actual segment concentration at 31.2% as of March 31, 2026.
The following table summarizes commercial real estate loans by the location of the properties by which they are collateralized as of March 31, 2026. Some loans are collateralized by multiple properties spread over various states. In those instances, the loan is included below based on the location of the primary property collateralizing the loan.
Balance% of Total
(dollars in thousands)
Pennsylvania$1,304,128 42 %
Ohio1,371,802 44 
Kentucky117,204 4 
New Jersey43,773 1 
New York43,223 1 
Indiana40,172 1 
Other228,465 7 
$3,148,767 100 %
When calculating the allowance for credit losses the commercial real estate portfolio is segmented into three portfolio segments: multifamily, non-owner occupied and owner occupied. For additional information related to these segments, including credit quality, see Note 8 "Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses" of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
As indicated in the table below, commercial real estate and commercial, financial and agricultural and other loans represent a significant portion of the nonperforming loans as of March 31, 2026.
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026As of March 31, 2026
 Net
Charge-
offs		% of
Total Net
Charge-offs		Net Charge-
offs as a % of
Average
Loans (annualized)		Nonperforming
Loans		% of Total
Nonperforming
Loans		Nonperforming
Loans as a % of
Total Loans
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$3,608 44.21 %0.15 %$45,160 49.54 %0.48 %
Real estate construction326 3.99 0.01 — — — 
Residential real estate119 1.46 0.01 13,231 14.51 0.14 
Commercial real estate2,268 27.79 0.10 32,764 35.94 0.34 
Loans to individuals1,840 22.55 0.08 9 0.01 — 
Total loans and leases, net of unearned income$8,161 100.00 %0.35 %$91,164 100.00 %0.96 %
Net charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2026 totaled $8.2 million, compared to $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Charge-offs during the three months ended March 31, 2026 were primarily in the commercial, financial, agricultural and other, commercial real estate and loans to individual categories. See discussions related to the provision for credit losses and loans for more information.
69

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Capital Resources
At March 31, 2026, shareholders’ equity was $1.6 billion, a decrease of $1.7 million from December 31, 2025. The decrease was primarily the result of $24.8 million of common stock repurchases and a $3.4 million decrease in the fair value of available for sale investments and interest rate swaps, which is reflected in the Other Comprehensive Income component of capital. Other items impacting capital include $37.5 million in net income offset by $13.8 million of dividends paid to shareholders and a $2.8 million increase related to the reissuance of treasury stock. Cash dividends declared per common share were $0.135 for the three months ended March 31, 2026.
First Commonwealth and First Commonwealth Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on First Commonwealth’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, First Commonwealth and First Commonwealth Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of First Commonwealth’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. First Commonwealth’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weighting and other factors.
Effective January 1, 2015, the Company became subject to the new regulatory risk-based capital rules adopted by the federal banking agencies implementing Basel III. The most significant changes included higher minimum capital requirements, as the minimum Tier I capital ratio increased from 4.0% to 6.0% and a new common equity Tier I capital ratio was established with a minimum level of 4.5%. Additionally, the rules improved the quality of capital by providing stricter eligibility criteria for regulatory capital instruments and provide for a phase-in, beginning January 1, 2016, of a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets. This buffer, which was fully phased-in as of January 1, 2019, provides a requirement to hold common equity Tier 1 capital above the minimum risk-based capital requirements, resulting in an effective common equity Tier I risk-weighted asset minimum ratio of 7.0% on a fully phased-in basis.
The Basel III Rules also permit banking organizations with less than $15.0 billion in assets to retain, through a one-time election, the existing treatment for accumulated other comprehensive income, which currently does not affect regulatory capital. The Company elected to retain this treatment, which reduces the volatility of regulatory capital levels.
In 2018, First Commonwealth Bank, the Company's banking subsidiary, issued $100 million in subordinated debt, of which $50 million remained outstanding at March 31, 2026, which under the regulatory rules qualifies as Tier II capital. As of March 31, 2026, this subordinated debt issuance increased the total risk-based capital ratio by 50 basis points.
As of March 31, 2026, First Commonwealth and First Commonwealth Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject and were considered well-capitalized under the regulatory rules. To be considered well capitalized, the Company must maintain minimum Total risk-based capital, Tier I risk-based capital, Tier I leverage ratio and Common equity tier I risk-based capital as set forth in the table below:
 ActualMinimum Capital RequiredRequired to be Considered Well Capitalized
 Capital
Amount		RatioCapital
Amount		RatioCapital
Amount		Ratio
 (dollars in thousands)
Total Capital to Risk Weighted Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$1,470,712 14.91 %$1,035,813 10.50 %$986,488 10.00 %
First Commonwealth Bank1,354,893 13.76 1,033,726 10.50 984,501 10.00 
Tier I Capital to Risk Weighted Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$1,297,799 13.16 %$838,515 8.50 %$789,191 8.00 %
First Commonwealth Bank1,182,226 12.01 836,826 8.50 787,601 8.00 
Tier I Capital to Average Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$1,297,799 10.90 %$476,455 4.00 %$595,568 5.00 %
First Commonwealth Bank1,182,226 9.95 475,413 4.00 594,266 5.00 
Common Equity Tier I to Risk Weighted Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$1,227,799 12.45 %$690,542 7.00 %$641,217 6.50 %
First Commonwealth Bank1,182,226 12.01 689,151 7.00 639,926 6.50 
On April 28, 2026, First Commonwealth Financial Corporation declared a quarterly dividend of $0.14 per share payable on May 22, 2026 to shareholders of record as of May 8, 2026. The timing and amount of future dividends are at the discretion of
70

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


First Commonwealth's Board of Directors based upon, among other factors, capital levels, asset quality, liquidity and current and projected earnings.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2024, Accounting Standards Update 2024-03 ("ASU 2024-03"), “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures" (Subtopic 220-40) was issued. ASU 2024-03 requires disaggregated disclosure of income statement expenses for public business entities. ASU 2024-03 requires new financial statement disclosures in tabular format, disaggregating information about prescribed categories underlying any relevant income statement expense caption. The prescribed categories include, among other things, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization. Additionally, entities must disclose the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s definition of selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 will be effective for us, on a prospective basis, for annual periods beginning in 2027, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning in 2028, though early adoption and retrospective application is permitted. ASU 2024-03 is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial conditions or results of operations.
In September 2025, Accounting Standard Update 2025-06 ("ASU 2025-06"), “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software" (Subtopic 350-40) was issued. ASU 2025-06 simplifies the accounting for internal-use software by removing project development stages and introducing a new capitalization threshold. Under the revised standard, software development costs are capitalized when management authorizes and commits funding for the project and it is probable the software will be completed and used as intended. ASU 2025-06 will be effective in 2028 and is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial conditions or results of operations.
In November 2025, Accounting Standard Update 2025‑08 ("ASU 2025-08"), “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses" (Topic 326) was issued. ASU 2025-08 expands the scope of acquired financial assets subject to the gross up approach formerly applicable only to purchased credit‑deteriorated ("PCD") assets, to include acquired non‑PCD loans that meet certain criteria, now referred to as “purchased seasoned loans” (PSLs). Under this model, an allowance for expected credit losses is recognized at acquisition, offsetting the loan’s amortized cost basis, thereby eliminating the day-one credit‑loss expense previously required for non‑PCD assets. PSLs are defined as non‑PCD loans acquired either (i) through a business combination, or (ii) purchased more than 90 days after origination when the acquirer was not involved in origination. ASU 2025-08 will be effective on a prospective basis for loans acquired on or after the adoption date, for interim and annual reporting periods beginning in 2027, though early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the expected impact on accounting for acquired assets related to future transactions.
In November 2025, Accounting Standard Update 2025‑09 ("ASU 2025-09"), “Derivatives and Hedging" (Topic 815) was issued. This update allows designating a variable price component of a nonfinancial forecasted purchase or sale as the hedged risk, grouping individual forecasted transactions with similar (not identical) risk exposures, a new model for hedging forecasted interest on variable-rate debt, enabling changes in index or tenor without de-designation, subject to simplifying assumptions, and additional clarifications related to hedge accounting of nonfinancial components, net written options, and dual-hedge strategies. ASU 2025-09 will be effective beginning in 2027, though early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of adoption on its consolidated financial statements.
71


ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Information appearing in Item 2 of this report under the caption “Market Risk” is incorporated by reference in response to this item.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1-934 (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in applicable rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
72

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 
ITEM 1.     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The information required by this item is set forth in Part I, Item 1, Note 6, "Commitments and Contingent Liabilities," which is incorporated herein by reference in response to this item.

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed under Part I, Item 1A of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.


ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
    
From time to time, the Company repurchases shares of its common stock pursuant to repurchase programs authorized by the Board of Directors. Most recently, the Board authorized repurchase programs of $25.0 million in December 2025 and an additional $25.0 million in February 2026. The following table details the amount of shares repurchased under this program in the first quarter of 2026:
Month Ending:Total Number of
Shares
Purchased		Average Price
Paid per Share
(or Unit)		Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs		Maximum Number
of Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs*
January 31, 2026251,227 $17.30 251,227 1,017,523 
February 28, 2026548,263 17.82 548,263 1,915,243 
March 31, 2026484,967 17.74 484,967 1,420,457 
Total1,284,457 $17.69 1,284,457 
* Remaining number of shares approved under the Plan is based on the market value of the Company's common stock of $18.03 at January 31, 2026, $17.53 at February 28, 2026 and $17.58 at March 31, 2026.

ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
    None

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
    Not applicable

ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION
    
None of our directors or executive officers adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement during quarter ended March 31, 2026.
73

Table of Contents
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
ITEM 6.     EXHIBITS
Exhibit
Number		  Description  Incorporated by Reference to
Filed herewith
Filed herewith
    Filed herewith
    Filed herewith
    Filed herewith
    Filed herewith
101  The following materials from First Commonwealth Financial Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. Note that XBRL tags are embedded within the document.  Filed herewith

74

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
 
DATED: May 11, 2026 /s/ T. Michael Price
 
T. Michael Price
President and Chief Executive Officer
DATED: May 11, 2026 /s/ James R. Reske
 James R. Reske
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

75

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